lecture 1 Flashcards
Virology
The study of viruses and viral diseases
virologist
someone who studies viruses
Why is virology important?
- can cause high rates of morbidity and mortality in animals and birds
- economic losses
- zoonosis
Virus- definition
- non living entities
- contain nucleic acid genome (DNA or RNA) surrounded by protein coat, sometimes other layers of material or lipid envelope
- do not possess standard cell organelles ex: mitochondria, chloroplasts, Golgi, ER and ribosomes
- cannot make their own energies or proteins, rely on host
- obligate intracellular parasites (needs to be in cell)
- do not have genetic capability to multiply by division, virus reproduction resembles assembly line
virion
-complete virus particle consisting of RNA or DNA core with protein coat, sometimes with external envelopes that is extracellular infective form of virus
virus
broad term, used to describe any aspect of infectious agent, includes: the infectious virion, or inactivated virus particles, viral nucleic acid, and protein in the infected cell
viroid
infectious particle smaller than any known virus, agent of plant disease, consists of extremely small circular RNA molecule lacking protein coat
Louis Pasteur
injected dried, potassium hydroxide treated, infected rabbit brain material into two boys bitten by rabid dogs, they both recovered
Chamberland filter
- pores smaller than bacteria, pioneered discovery of viruses
- used in tobacco mosaic virus experiment
Dmitri Ivanovski
-purified the filtrate from the diseased tobacco leaf and discovered that it was virulent
Friedrich Loeffler and Paul Frosch
passed the first animal virus (foot and mouth disease) through the Chamberland filter
Walter Reed
discovered yellow fever is transmitted through mosquitoes
Peyton Rous
Discovered Rous sarcoma virus- oncogenic virus
Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll
invented the electron microscope
First virus to be successfully propogated in embryonated hen’s egg?
Fowlpoxvirus
