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A&R > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Classification of Injury: Acute

A

Just happened
0-72 hrs after injury
Inflammation and swelling

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2
Q

Classification of Injury: Subacute

A

3 days to 4 weeks after injury

No longer inflamed

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3
Q

Classification of Injury: Chronic

A

4-6 weeks to 1-5 years after injury

Note: Stages within “chronic”

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4
Q

Classification of Injury Rehabilitation stages

A 
Inflammation
Demolition
Healing
-Early
-Mid
-Late
Remodelling/Return to Sport/Activity
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5
Q

Characteristics of the Inflammation stage

A 
Warm to the touch 
-Heat is the only true test of inflammation
-If there is no heat you are clear to move on to the next stage of rehab - heat is a good indicator of inflammation.
Redness
Pain to the touch
Histamine reaction in the tissue
Just suffered trauma to the area
Direct blow, fracture, etc…
Lasts up to 3 days post injury
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6
Q

Inflammation Phase: Aim of treatment

A 
Guide inflammation 
-PIER   
-Ultrasound @ 20% duty cycle 
Treat the joint above and below
Any time something becomes inflamed you must PIER it.
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7
Q

Demolition phase

A
  • Need to move waste products out of the area before rebuilding starts
  • If new material is laid down before removing all waste products, scar tissue develops
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8
Q

Demolition phase: Aims of Treatment

A

Guide residual swelling

  • Massage (Effleurage)
  • Elevation
  • Electrical Stim
  • Exercise (ROM, Stretching, foam rolling etc.)

Prevent secondary complications

  • Scar tissue
  • Decreased ROM
  • Atrophy

Start pain free movement
-Get the moving early on to prevent further regression

Muscle Pump
-Relieve pain

Address joint above and below
-Don’t focus on just the injured area

Maintain or Increase cardiovascular fitness
-Don’t let other components lag just because a limb is injured - continue strengthening other areas

Educate/HP

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9
Q

Early Healing Phase - Muscle

A
  • Isometrics in demo

- Concentrics in EH.

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10
Q

Early Healing Phase - Capsule

A

ROM

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11
Q

Early Healing Phase - Bone

A

Weight Bearing

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12
Q

Early Healing Phase - Fascia

A

Stretch

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13
Q

Early Healing Phase - Ligament

A

Heal short and strengthen muscles which support it

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14
Q

Early Healing Phase - Disc

A

Position and hydrate

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15
Q

Early Healing Phase - Meniscus

A

Position and Protect

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16
Q

Mid-Healing Important points

A

Stress the laying down of the right type of tissue and the correct properties for that tissue

Strengthening progresses from concentric to eccentric loading

Be sure to address joint above and below and the whole limb by this point

17
Q

Mid-Healing Phase - Muscle

A

Isotonics (through ROM)

18
Q

Mid-Healing Phase - Ligaments

A

Challenge it
Unstable surface
Weights
etc

19
Q

Mid-Healing Phase - Bone

A

Aggressive weight bearing

20
Q

Mid-healing Phase - Capsule

A

Proprioception to retrain joint

21
Q

Mid-Healing Phase - Tendon

A

Greater ROM (stretch over two joints)

22
Q

Mid-Healing Phase - Cartilage

A

Weight bear through more ROM

23
Q

Late healing important points

A

Begin to gear to the demands of the athlete’s/patient’s sport and activities

Getting ready for the sport without actually doing it

Examples? (Hockey player scenario)
simulate hockey movements in the clinic w/ incorporation of equipment such as hockey stick

24
Q

What components should be addressed in the Late healing - Vigourous heating and exercise phase?

A

CV fitness

  • Eg. Run, ride, swim, etc.
  • Ensure it’s the appropriate energy system

Muscle
-Eccentrics/Plyometrics

Ligament
-Complete ROM/Strengthening/Proprioception etc.

25
Q

To get the athlete back to a competitive level in the REMODELING PHASE/RETURN TO SPORT/ACTIVITY phase what should you do for muscle and ligaments?

A

Muscle
-Plyometrics related to sport/activity
Ligament
-Plyometrics with direction changes

26
Q

What should the therapist address REMODELING/RTS PHASE?

A

Address bracing / ergonomic aids

27
Q

What criteria must the athlete meet to be in the REMODELING/RETURN TO SPORT/ACTIVITY phase?

A

Must have full ROM and strength
-Use a bilateral comparison to gauge

Must be physically and psychologically ready
How?

Test specific skills prior to allowing to practice with team or return to work/activity

28
Q

What is the most important component of PIER?

A

Pressure

29
Q

How do you Relieve pain?

A
  • Ice
  • Heat
  • Massage
  • Exercise
  • Modalities

A&R (9 decks)

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