Lecture 1 Flashcards
__________ energy is the energy of motion.
Kinetic
__________ is the capacity to do work.
Energy
Potential energy is stored energy of __________.
Position
__________ is a way of measuring energy.
Heat
A calorie is…
The amount if heat required to raise 1 gram if water 1 degree Celsius.
Photosynthetic organisms __________ energy.
Capture
Energy is stored in __________ bonds.
Chemical
What are the properties of the first law of thermodynamics?
Energy is not created or destroyed
Energy changes from one form to another
The total energy in the universe is constant
During conversion, energy is lost as heat
What are the properties of the second law of thermodynamics?
Entropy (disorder) is continuously increasing
Energy transformations spontaneously convert matter to a more stable form
__________ is the main “currency” of cells.
ATP
ATP is composed of…
Ribose: five-carbon sugar
Adenine
Chain of three phosphates (key to energy storage) (bonds are unstable)
In coupled reactions, a protein is broken down into __________.
Amino acids
In coupled reactions, ATP is broken down to __________ and __________.
ADP
Pi
ATP Hydrolysis drives __________ reactions.
Endergonic
Fats and carbohydrates are used for __________, not ATP.
Storage
