Lecture 1 Flashcards
The thorax is what?
the cardiopulm sheild has a superior and inferior thoracic aperture. protecting the respiratory organs, heart, liver, and stomach
What are the boarders for the thorax?
- Thoracic vertebrae dorsally
- Ribs 7 true and 5 false laterally
- sternum ventrally
What does the manubrium of the sternum articulate with?
1st and 2nd rib and the clavical
What does the sternal angle articulate with?
with the 2nd rib tracheal bifurcation to L and R main bronchi
The body of the sternum articulate with what?
Ribs 3-7
xiphoid process is what?
hyline cartilage that ossifys with age
Vertebrosternal is what?
Ribs 1-7 Increased length
Vertebrochondral is what
flase ribs 8-10 length starts to decrease
Vertebral ribs
false, floating ribs 11 and 12 length continues to decrease
The Ribs and their artry and vein and nerve picture
Heart topology means what?
- weiging in at 250-300 grams
The base of the heart is at what level for the ribs?
corresponds with 2nd intercostal space
The base of the heart invovles what structures of the heart?
- left atrium
- right atrium
- great vessels (proximally only)
Apex is at what level of the ribs?
corresponds with the 5th intercostal space and aligns with the midclavicular
Facts about the apex of the heart
- lowest inferolateral aspect of the left ventricle
- point of maximal impulse
- heart auscultation
- location at which the cardiac impulse can be best palpated
What are the layers of the heart?
- pericardium
- epicardium
- myocardium
- endocardium
The pericardium has how many layers?
2 but can be considered 3.
- fiberous
- parietal
- epicardium
Superfical pericardium (fiberous)
outerlayer
* protecting the heart
* reducing friction
* fluid-filled sac to allow the heart to beat
