Lecture 1 Flashcards
What are the four basic types of tissue?
Connective tissue, Epithelial tissue, Muscle tissue, and the Nervous tissue
What are the characteristics of Connective tissue?
Fills internal space, provides structural support, and stores energy.
What are the characteristics of Epithelial tissue?
Covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways and chambers, forms secretory glands.
What are the characteristics of Muscle tissue?
Contracts to produce movement, includes skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.
What are the characteristics of the Nervous tissue
Conducts electrical impulses and carries information
What combines to form molecules?
Atoms
What interact to form cells
Molecules
What secretes and regulates extracellular material and fluids
Cells
Which 2 things combine to form tissues?
Cells and extracellular material and fluids
What do the ECM and extracellular fluids provide?
Structural and biochemical support
What two things does Epithelial tissue include?
Epithelia and Glands
What are the functions of Epithelial tissue?
Provide physical protection, Control permeability, provide sensation, and produce specialised secretions.
What are the names of the two glands (Epithelial)
Exocrine glands and Endocrine glands
The most common type of epithelial tissue is….
a layer of cells that forms a barrier with specific properties
Epithelial tissues line the…
digestive, respiratory, reproductive, and urinary tracts
Epithelial tissues also surround what type of cavities?
Internal (e.g. chest cavity)
Epithelial also surrounds the fluid chambers in the….( 3 )
Brain, eye, inner ear
What are the similarities between the four basic types of tissues?
All are made of cells, all contribute to organ function, all interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM), and all are essential for homeostasis.
Epithelial tissues also line the inner surfaces of the…
blood vessels and heart
What is the epithelial tissue function?
Covers and lines surfaces, protects, secretes and absorbs substances.
What is the function of the connective tissue?
Supports, binds, and connect tissues, stores energy, transports substances.
What is the function of the muscle tissue
Produces movement and generates force.
What is the function of the nervous tissue?
Conducts electrical signals for communication and control
What is the structure of the epithelial tissue?
Tightly packed cells with little ECM. Forms continuous sheets?
What is the structure of the connective tissues?
Loosly packed cells with large amounts of ECM (fibres and
What is the top part of the epithelial cell that faces an open space of an organ called?
Apical Surface
What has microvilli on it, and what does it do?
Apical. It increases surface area for absorption.
What type of tissue interacts with the epithelial tissue to regulate secretion, sensation, and absorption?
Nervous tissue
What is the bottom and the side of an epithelial cell called, which connect to neighbouring cells and the underlying connective tissue via the basement membrane?
Basolateral
Skeletal muscle is…
usually directly or indirectly attached to the skeleton. When it contracts it stabilises the position of bones or internal organs.
Cardiac muscle tissue is…
found in the heart. Where its co-ordinated contractions propel blood through the blood vessels.
Smooth Muscle tissue is…
found in the walls of blood vessels, within glands, and along the respiratory, circulatory, digestive, and reproductive tracts.
What do the exocrine glands secrete?
Substances (e.g. enzymes, sweat, or saliva) through ducts to specific locations (e.g. sweat glands, salivary glands)
What do endocrine glands secrete
Secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream e.g. thyroid gland, adrenal gland.
Most to least common tissues in the body?
Muscle, connective, Epithelial, Nervous
Which basic tissues would you find in the knee joint?
Muscle, connective, epithelial and nervous (all four?).
