Lecture 1

Question 1

What is OOP

Answer 1

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that models software design around objects, representing real-world entities, and their interactions.

Question 2

What are the charateristics of OOP

Answer 2

Classes
Objects
Methods
Constructors
Encapsulation
Polymorphism,
Abstraction,
Encapsulation,
Message passing
Data Binding

Question 3

What is a class in OOP?

Answer 3

A class is a blueprint or template that defines the attributes (properties or fields) and behaviors (methods or functions) common to all objects of a certain type.

Question 4

What is an object in OOP?

Answer 4

An object is an instance of a class that has its own state and behavior, representing a real-world entity.

Question 5

What is a method in OOP?

Answer 5

A method is a block of code that performs a specific task or set of tasks.

Question 6

What are the characteristics of a method?

Answer 6

Characteristics of a method include a unique name, return type, parameters, access modifiers, and can be static (belonging to the class itself) or instance(asscoiated with an object of the class) methods. Methods can also be overloaded.

Question 7

What is a constructor?

Answer 7

A constructor is a special member function in a class that is automatically called when an object of that class is created.

Question 8

What is encapsulation?

Answer 8

Encapsulation involves bundling the data (attributes) and methods that operate on the data within a single unit (class) and restricting direct access to the internal state.

Question 9

What is polymorphism?

Answer 9

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on multiple forms,

allowing objects of different types to be treated as objects of a common type through method overloading and method overriding.

Question 10

What is abstraction in OOP?

Answer 10

Abstraction allows you to represent complex real-world objects in a simplified manner by focusing on essential details and ignoring non-essential details.

Question 11

How can abstraction be implemented in OOP?

Answer 11

Abstraction can be implemented through abstract classes, interfaces, and regular classes with private methods.

Question 12

What is message passing in OOP?

Answer 12

Message passing is a mechanism by which objects communicate with each other by sending and receiving messages.

Question 13

What is inheritance in OOP?

Answer 13

Inheritance is a mechanism that allows a new class to be based on an existing class. Types include single, multiple, multilevel, hierarchical, and hybrid inheritance.

Question 14

What are access modifiers?

Answer 14

Access modifiers are keywords that control the visibility of class members (e.g., variables, methods).

Question 15

What are the different types of access modifiers in Java?

Answer 15

The types of access modifiers in Java are public, default, protected, and private.

Question 16

What is data binding?

Answer 16

Data binding is the process of associating data with its representation in the user interface or code, ensuring synchronization between them.

Question 17

What is static data binding?

Answer 17

Static data binding, also known as early or compile-time binding, occurs at compile time, linking data with its representation before program execution.

Question 18

What is dynamic data binding?

Answer 18

Dynamic data binding, also known as late or runtime binding, occurs at runtime, linking data with its representation during program execution and allowing flexibility.

Question 19

Chateristics of objects

Answer 19

Created using the new keyword
Has a unique state, determined by its attributes
Can perform action throught its methods

Question 20

When do method overloading and method overriding occure

Answer 20

Method overloading occur at compile time while method overriding occur at runtime

Question 21

What is method overloading

Answer 21

Method overloading refers to defining multiple methods with the same name but different parameters within the same class

Question 22

What is method overriding

Answer 22

Method overriding involves creating a method in the child class that has the same name, parameters, and return type as a method in the parent class

Question 23

What are abstract classes?

Answer 23

Abstract classes are blueprints that define a general structure and functionalities for subclasses.
They enforce abstraction by having abstract methods (without implementation) that subclasses must implement to be useful.

Question 24

What are interfaces

Answer 24

Interfaces specify what functionalities a class must have but don’t provide any implementation details.

Classes implementing an interface must provide their own code for the specified methods.

Question 25

what are chateristics of abstractions

Answer 25

Focuses on essential properties and behaviors.

Reduces complexity and enhances understandability.

Provides a clear and concise view of the system.

Question 27

chateristics of message passing

Answer 27

Objects interact through method calls.
Supports the exchange of information between objects.
Facilitates collaboration and cooperation between objects.

Question 28

master the code for message passing

Question 29

what is single inherintance

Answer 29

Single inheritance is a type of inheritance in which a subclass inherits from a single superclass.

Question 30

what is multiple inherintance

Answer 30

Multiple inheritance is a type of inheritance in which a subclass inherits from multiple super classes.

Multiple inheritance can be implemented in Java by using multiple interfaces.

Question 30

what is mulitilevel inherintance

Answer 30

Multilevel inheritance is a type of inheritance in which a subclass inherits from a superclass, which in turn inherits from another superclass.

Question 31

what is hierarchical inherintance

Answer 31

Hierarchical inheritance is a type of inheritance in which a single superclass is inherited by multiple subclasses.

Question 32

what is hybrid inherintance

Answer 32

Hybrid inheritance is a combination of more than two types of inheritances single and multiple.

Question 33

chateristics of static data biding

Answer 33

The linkage between data and its representation is determined during the compilation phase.

Question 34

chateristics of dynamic data binding

Answer 34

The linkage between data and its representation is determined dynamically during program execution.

Allows flexibility and adaptability in the program’s behavior.