Lecture 1 Flashcards

(51 cards)

1
Q

What is the depression between supraciliary arches called?

A

Glabella

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2
Q

The center of the frontonasal suture formed by the articulation of the nasal bones and the frontal bone is the ____

A

Nasion

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3
Q

Pterion is formed by the junction between which bones?

A

The junction between the frontal, parietal, sphenoid, and
temporal bones

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4
Q

An injury located at the pterion might torn the ___________, resulting in ___________

A

anterior division of the middle meningeal artery / Extradural hematoma

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5
Q

The notch located medially in the superior part of the rim of each orbit?

A

Supra oribtal notch / foramen

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6
Q

the anterior opening of the nasal cavity

A

Piriform aperture

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7
Q

In which bone is the infra-orbital foramen located?

A

Body of maxilla

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8
Q

The angle of mandible is a meeting point for ___ and ___

A

Body and ramus of the mandible

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9
Q

Point of attachment for muscles that depress the lower lip?

A

Oblique line of mandible

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10
Q

Point of attachment for muscles in the temporal bone?

A

Mastoid process

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11
Q

The foramen located in the deep medial part of zygomatic bone?

A

Zygomaticotemporal foramen

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12
Q

The foramen located in the lateral superficial part of zygomatic bone?

A

Zygomaticofacial foramen

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13
Q

The coronoid process is a point of attachment for ____ muscle

A

Temporalis

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14
Q

The point of attachment for posterior belly of digastric muscle is called ___

A

Mastoid notch of temporal bone
Seen from the posterior view

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15
Q

Junction between coronal stuture and sagittal stuture

A

Bregma

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16
Q

The only foramina visible on the superior part of skull

A

Paired parietal foramina

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17
Q

An imaging technique used to assess skull fractures in 3 axes “lateral, posteroanterior and Towne’s view”

A

Radiography (x-ray)

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18
Q

An imaging technique ideally used for head injuries by detecting the brain and its coverings and the blood. And by changing its algorithm bones can be demonstrated.

A

Cerebral CT

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19
Q

With intravenous contrast, ______ can be used to demonstrate the
position and the size of an intracerebral aneurysm before endovascular treatment.

A

CT angiography

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20
Q

What is the imaging technique with the highest contrast resolution?

A

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

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21
Q

Passageways between the nasal cavity and hard palate

A

Incisive canals

22
Q

The lesser palatine foramen is in the ____ of each palatine bone

A

Pyramidal process

23
Q

What parts could MRI examine?

A

The brain and its coverings, cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF), and vertebral column can be easily and quickly examined

24
Q

Periventricular lesions and carotid stenosis can be assessed by using ______
And MRI angiography can be used to define _______

A

MRI

completeness of the intracranial vasculature (circle of Willis)

25
Name two branches of maxillary artery
Middle meningeal artery Accessory meningeal artery
26
The structure that passes through foramen spinosum?
Middle meningeal artery
27
The accessory meningeal artery enters the middle cranial fossa through ___
Foramen ovale
28
Posterior meningeal artery is branch from?
Ascending pharyngeal artery
29
Posterior meningeal artery enters the cranial fossa through ____
Jugular foramen
30
Meningeal branches from occipital artery enter the posterior cranial fossa through?
Jugular foramen
31
The meningeal branch from ascending pharyngeal artery enters the posterior cranial fossa through? (Branch other than posterior meningeal artery)
Hypoglossal canal
32
Dura mater is innervated by?
3 Divisions of **trigeminal nerve**: ophthalmic (V1), maxillary (V2), and mandibular (V3) **Vagus nerve** **Cervical nerves 1, 2, 3**
33
Falx cerebri innervation?
2 branches of ophthalmic nerve [V1] - ethmoidal nerves supplying the floor and anterior part - meningeal branch supplying the posterior part
34
Tentorium cerebilli innervation
Meningeal branch from ophthalmic nerve [V1]
35
Middle cranial fossa innervation
Medially: branches from maxillary nerve [V2] Laterally: branches from mandibular nerve [V3]
36
Posterior cranial fossa nerve supply?
Cervical nerves 1, 2, 3 Vagus nerve Glossopharyngeal nerve Hypoglossal nerve
37
Explain the passageway of CSF?
Lateral ventricles ⬇️ foramina of Monro Third ventricle ⬇️ aqueduct of sylvius Fourth ventricle ⬇️ 1) foramen of Magendie *OR* 2) foramina of Luschka Subarachnoid space
38
Most common causes of hydrocephalus in adults?
failure of reabsorption of CSF through the arachnoid granulations
39
What can we do to prevent severe hydrocephalus?
Placing a catheter in the ventricular system of the brain to relieve the pressure
40
A cause of ventricular enlargement other than hydrocephalus?
Cerebral atrophy
41
Congenital cause of hydrocephalus?
Obstruction of aqueduct of sylvius
42
Possible causes of CSF leakage?
Epidural injection ابرة الظهر Lumbar spine surgery CSF aspiration
43
How would you diagnose a patient that presents with a facial nerve weakness, double vision and a metallic taste in their mouth
CSF leak syndrome
44
Ecchymoses (bruises) are associated with...
Meningococcal meningitis
45
You noticed that your patient experiences pain in the back of his neck after straight leg extension, what could this be a sign of?
Meningitis at a later stage Called **Kernigs sign**
46
Whats the most important step when evaluating a brain tumor?
Determination of the structure the tumor arises from
47
Types of lesions in the brain
Intra axial Extra axial
48
Examples of extra axial tumors?
Meningioma Acoustic neuroma
49
What are the most common sites of acoustic neuroma?
Vestibulocochlear nerve Cerebellopontine angle
50
Most common type of intra-axial tumors?
Secondary tumors (metastatic from other sites such as breast or lung cancer)
51
Where do primary intra-axial tumors arise from?
Oligodendrocytomas, choroid plexus tumors, gliomas,