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NSC 4352 > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Apical dendrite?

A

It is the Dendrite that connects the soma (Cell body) to the synapses.

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2
Q

What is the cell body also called?

A

SOMA

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3
Q

The neuronal cell body is the ______ as other cells.

A

SAME, in the terms of components and structure.

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4
Q

What is the “epithelial blueprint” of neurons?

A
  • Cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer)
  • Cytoplasm: Cystol(incl. cytoskeletal matrix) and membranous organelles.
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5
Q

What is the discription and function of Cytoskeleton?

A

D: Network of protein filaments
F: Structural support; cell movement

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6
Q

What is the discription and function of Plasma membranes?

A

D: Lipid bilayer with embedded proteins
F: Regulates what passes into and out of cell; cell-to-cell recognition

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7
Q

What is the discription and function of Endoplasmic reticulum?

A

D: Network of internal membranes
F: Forms compartments and vesicles; participates in protein and lipid synthesis

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8
Q

What is the discription and function of the Nucleus?

A

D: Structure (usually spherical) surrounded by double membrane that contains chromosomes
F: Control center of cell; directs protein synthesis and cell reproduction

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9
Q

What is the discription and function of the Golgi Apparatus?

A

D: Stacks of flattened vesicles
F: Packages proteins for export from cell; form secretory vesicles

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10
Q

What is the discription and function of Lysosomes?

A

D: Vesicles derived from Golgi apparatus that contains hydrolytic digestive enzymes
F: Digest worn out organelles and cell debris; play a role in cell death

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11
Q

What is the discription and function of Microbodies?

A

D: Vesicles formed from incorporation of lipids and proteins containing oxidative and other enzymes
F: Isolate particular chemical activities from rest of cells

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12
Q

What is the discription and function of Mitochondria?

A

D: Bacteria like elements with double membrane
F: “power plants” of the cell; sites of oxidative metabolism

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13
Q

What is the discription and function of Chromosomes?

A

D: Long threads of DNA hat form a complex with protein
F: Contain hereditary information

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14
Q

What is the discription and function of Nucleolus?

A

D: Site of genes for rRNA synthesis
F: Assembles ribosomes

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15
Q

What is the discription and function of Ribosomes?

A

D: small, complex assemblies of protein and RNA, often bound to endoplasmic reticulum
F: Sites of protein synthesis

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16
Q

What are membranous organelles of eukaryotic cells?

A

Plasma membrane, Rough endoplasmic reticulum(Ribosomes), Golgi apparatus, Mitochondrion, Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Lysosome, Nucleus(Nucleolus),

17
Q

The cell’s nucleus contain’s the cell’s ______ and serves a _____ center.

A

genome and serves as a control center

18
Q

What cell organelle contains the nucleolus and chromosomes, which are necessary for the production of proteins within the cell.

A

Nucleus

19
Q

What is coded into strands of DNA from which the chromosomes are made?

A

Genetic information in DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)

20
Q

What does the nucleolus produce?

A

Ribosomes

21
Q

What are the subunits of chromosomes?

A

Genes

22
Q

What induces the production of mRNA?

A

Genes

23
Q

What is mRNA when activated?

A

mRNA when activated, is a duplicate of the information contained in the gene (“transcription”)

24
Q

What happens during DNA transcription?

A

DNA becomes RNA, through using RNA polymerase

25
Q

What happens during Translation?

A

mRNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosomes, serving as a template for the production of a protein.

26
Q

Model organisms in Neuroscience: Does the number of genes in an organism’s genome correlate with cellular or organismal complexity?

A

No does not, much genetic activity is dependent on transcription factors that regulate when and to what degree a given gene is expressed.

27
Q

What is genetic factors dependent on ?

A

On transcription factors that regulate when and to what degree a given gene is expressed.

28
Q

_____ is used to make RNA through RNA polymerase, which is in turn used to make _____.

A

DNA; proteins

NSC 4352 (1 decks)

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