Lecture 1 Flashcards
Who birthed homeopathy?
Samuel Hahnemann (1755-1843)
What did Samuel Hahnemann write? When?
“An essay on a New Principle to Ascertain the Curative Powers of Drugs” in 1796
Who rejected that gods cause diseases?
Hippocrates
What did hippocrates promote?
the use of healthy food
Name the person who came up with “vis medicatrix naturae”
hippocrates
What are the 4 humours/temperaments?
blood: sanguine (extroverted, social, impulsive)
black bile: melancholic (creative, kind, introverted)
yellow bile: choleric (passionate, charismatic, bossy)
phlegm: phlegmatic (dependable, affectionate, slow/lazy)
Explain blood humour.
sanguine (extroverted, social, impulsive)
Explain black bile humour.
melancholic (creative, kind, introverted)
Explain yellow bile humour.
choleric (passionate, charismatic, bossy)
Explain phlegm humour.
phlegmatic (dependable, affectionate, slow/lazy)
When was Galen an influence till?
late 18th century
Who is the father of early modern medicine?
Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
Who influenced medieval medicine in Europe?
Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
What were concepts from Ibn Sina?
- natural causes to disease
- promoted holistic medicine: address physical & psychological factors, environment, diet
What lead to the decline in popularity of homeopathy in the early 20th century?
flexner report, pharmaceutical companies
Are vaccines a form on homeopathy? Is immunization similar to the principles advanced by homeopathy?
somewhat! concept of like treating like, stimulating one’s own healing response
What country was the center of medical advancements and controversy?
scotland
What was John Brown teaching?
there were only 2 diseases: sthenic (strong) & asthenic (weak)
there were only 2 treatments: stimulant & sedative
What did John Brown use to treat patients?
alcohol & opium
Who influenced Hahneman?
Hippocrates
Who was the first person to come up with homeopathy and the theory “like treats like”?
hippocrates
Who were the two 18th-century medical influences?
Galen & Ibn Sina
Who opposed John Brown?
William Cullen
What were common treatments?
polypharmacy (herbs, metals, toxic compounds), ingested, injected, topical
bloodletting
emetics, purgative, blistering agents
cauterization, amputation, surgery (no antiseptic, anesthetics)
When did Edward Jenner develop smallpox?
1796
When was the 1st modern plastic surgery?
1814
When did Laennec invent the stethoscope?
1816
When was the first use of anesthesia?
1846
When was the first use of antiseptics?
1847
When was the first blood transfusion?
1818
What does “vacca” mean?
cow
What was Hahneman’s proposed idea with reference to Edward Jenner’s smallpox vaccine?
that like can TREAT like, where as Edward Jenner developed like can prevent like
Describe rationalist medical school.
- mechanistic, materialistic view of body
- reductionist & grouping of diseases
- “Heroical” theories & treatments
- can do better than nature
- most important are the common symptoms
Describe the empirical medical school.
- dynamic (body is more than the sum)
- holistic & individualistic
- test & observe phenomena, don’t theorize, use “natural”, gentle measures
- vis medicatrix naturae - follow nature, don’t suppress
- most important are peculiar symptoms
Who was the founder of homeopathic medicine?
Hahnemann
What is the smallpox vaccine a good example of?
homeopathic prophylaxy (like prevents like)
T/F: Vis Medicatrix Naturae, one of the six basic principles of naturopathic medicine, is an example if the influence of the rationalist school of thought on naturopathy.
False, empirical school
