Lecture 1 Flashcards
Which statement does not describe the structure of a virus?
Not living organisms
Have RNA of DNA nucleic acid core
Surrounded by protein
Don’t have all the mechanisms they need to reproduce
Why are viruses not considered living organisms? (know the information we discussed on viral replication)
They dont fill in all the characteristics of living thing because they don’t have a cell membrane and cant reproduce on their own
Most viruses have an overall structure that is either _______ (rod-like or threadlike) or _______ (a roughly spherical shape). Fill in the blanks.
helical, isometric
The suitable cells for a particular virus are collectively referred to as its _______. Fill in the blank
host range
What is a bacteriophage?
Viruses that specifically infect fully bacteria
What is the difference between a T-3/7 or a T-even bacteriophage?
T3/T7
Icosahedral
Short tails
T-even
Icosahedral head
Capside
Neck/collar/whiskers
Long tail
Complex base plate
Which of these is not a step in the lytic cycle (go by the diagram on the PPT)?
pic on doc
Which of these is not a step in the lysogenic cycle (go by the diagram on the PPT)?
pic on doc
What is a prophage?
The result of only a lysogenic cycle
what is the definition of an emerging virus?
Viruses that originate in one organism and than pass to another and causes disease
Which statement is true regarding the information we discussed about Hantavirus?
Huge problem in 1993
Hemorrhagic type infection in the southwestern USA
Single-stranded RNA virus associated with rodents
Deer mouse hantavirus is transmitted to humans through fecal contamination in areas of human habitation. (LOTS OF PEOPLE THAT WENT CAMPING)
HIgh levels of this wherever you see high levels of deer mice
Which statement is true regarding the information we discussed about the Ebola virus?
Still fighting within central Africa
Hemorrhagic fever
Feels like your liquifying your organs and getting killed from the inside out
Hemorrhagic fever but you die pretty quickly
Very painful
We have some information; starting to learn slowly how it spreads
Which statement is true regarding the information we discussed about the SARS virus?
Severe respiratory syndrome
Respiratory infection with pneumonia type symptoms
Fatal in 8% of cases
Believed to have come from civets (weasel like animal from China)
Mutation rate is extremely low
Can be large outbreaks but can be controlled due to low mutation rate
How can some viruses lead to a greater likelihood of certain cancers? (know the examples discussed in lecture)
Hepatitis B can lead to liver cancer because of the damage it keeps on doing
About 25% of chronic hepatitis patients would develop liver cirrhosis
Tumor suppressor genes get turned off and mutated
3-5% of patients can develop liver cancer each year
Hepatitis B if not contained can lead to liver cancer
If you get HPV there’s a 30% chance of cervical carcinoma in women
High rate
Can lead to the cancer if have
You can get a vaccine before sexually active that will give you 0% chance of getting virus
Viruses can alter the growth properties of human cells they infect by triggering expression of cancer causing genes causing cancer
If you infect the genes that tells you cells to go then you can end up with cancer
What does the prion that causes transmissible spongiform encephalopathies do to the brain of an infected organism?
Develop numerous small cavities as neurons die producing a spongy appearance inside the brain
Looks like your brain has holes
