Lecture 1 Flashcards
What is the internet of things?
The vision:
Specialised elements of hardware and software, connected by wires, radio waves and infrared, will be so ubiquitous that no one will notice their presence.
A definition:
A global infrastructure for the information society, enabling advanced services by interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on existing and evolving interoperable information and communication technologies
Are microcontroller design & web services in the IoT domain?
Yes
Can a virtual thing exist without a physical thing?
Yes, A physical thing may also be represented in the virtual world by one or more things.
What is an IoT gateway?
a piece of equipment / software that does protocol translation (roughly speaking.
IoT devices don’t always use the internet protocol to communicate there are simpler protocols (less energy, less money), a gateway can convert from something like Zigbee to normal internet.
What are identity related services?
Most basic and important services used in other types of service. Every application that needs to bring real world objects to the virtual world has to identify those objects
What are information aggregation services?
Collect and summarise raw sensory measurements that needs to be processed and reported to the IoT system
What are Collaborative-Aware services?
Act on top of information aggregation services and use the obtained data to obtained data to make decisions and react accordingly
What are Ubiquitous Services?
They aim to provide collaborative-aware services anytime they are needed to anyone who needs them anywhere
What are the primary characteristics of IoT systems?
Interconnectivity
Anything is connected to virtually “any THING”
Heterogeneity
Different hardware platforms and networks
Dynamic Changes
Devices have many more power states compared to state-of-art-devices (sleep, wake-up, connected, disconnected)
Location and speed of the device
Scale and complexity
Several billions of devices connected. These devices should be managed and communicated with each other.
Scale is one of the most important problems
What are the basic requirements for IoT systems?
Identification-based connectivity
Each thing has a unique identifier
Those IDs may be different types
Interoperability
- Needs to be ensured among heterogenous and distributed systems for provision and consumption of diverse information and services
Security
- Typical threats towards confidentiality, authenticity and integrity of both data and services
Privacy
- THINGS have owners and users. Privacy should be protected during data transmission, aggregation, storage, mining and processing.
Others:
Networking should be autonomic
Location-based capabilities
High quality and highly secure human body related services
Plug and play
Manageability
What is the expected value of the IoT industry by 2024
$1 trillion
Data to information and knowledge
Data
Raw and (un)processed data from IoT devices
Information
Data is processed, classified, condensed and put in context
Knowledge
Inferred from organising and structuring information and is applied to achieve specific objectives
