Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is pharmacology?

A

drugs exert their effects by binding to receptors in our bodies and triggering a functional change

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2
Q

What is pharmacokinetics?

A
  • how body reacts to drugs
  • very important in drug safety and development
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3
Q

What is pharmacodynamics

A
  • how receptors react to drugs
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4
Q

What is terfenadine?

A

specific H1 receptor antagonist - anti-histamine

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5
Q

How is terfenadine metabolized?

A

metabolized by the liver into its active antihistamine form fexofenadine
is a prodrug

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6
Q

What are adverse effects that can occur if terfenadine is not metabolized

A
  • is a powerful blocker of certain proteins (hERG) that control electrical activity and beating of the heart
  • can lead to lethal cardiac arrhythmia
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7
Q

What are some reasons that terfenadine can have lethal effects

A
  • inhibit the activity of certain liver enzymes involved in drug metabolism (CYP3A4)
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8
Q

What are some solutions in the case of terfenadine

A

The simple solution is to administer the metabolite of terfenadine, known as allegra

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9
Q

What are receptors

A

molecular targets of a drug

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10
Q

What is a prodrug?

A

not intrinsically active, + metabolized after administration
- first pass metabolism

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11
Q

What are off-target effects

A

drugs are not specifically for one receptor, they can influence closely related receptors + completely unrelated receptors

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12
Q

What are adverse events

A

undesirable drug effects which can vary

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13
Q

What is pharacogenomics

A

genetic background of patient can significantly affect how they react to a drug

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14
Q

What are drug interactions

A

common for one drug to affect the response to another

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15
Q
A
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