Lecture 1 Flashcards
When matter is altered …..
Energy results
What’s atomic number … تذكري العدد الذري يطلب شي واحد لصغره
Number of protons
What’s atomic mass …
Proton + neutrons
عشان تكون الذرة متعادله لازم ….
عدد البروتون = عدد الالكترون
How much shells in atom
Maximum 7 shells
كلمنو
K L M n o
She’ll closer to nucleons has …..
Higher binding energy
(….) emission and propagation of E in form waves or particle
Radiation
X ray consider as ionizing radiation- t or f
T
What’s mean ( ionizing radiation )
Is capable of produce ions by removing or adding e in atom
X ray which type of radiation ؟
EM
(——) transfer of E by high V subatomic particles
Particulate
(——) transfer of E in form of waves at speed of light and as combination of E and M field
EM
Eg of particulate —-
Alpha
Protons
Neutrons
Electron * beta and cathode rays*
Eg of EM —-
Gamma
X rays
Another eg of EM
Uv
Light rays
Infra-red radiation
Radio waves
In x ray / em radiation may :
Travel as waves form
Travel at speed of light
Discrete bundles of E known as photon having no mass or w
What properties of x rays : وهي نفسها مواصفات ال em radiation
**X ray travel straight lines
**- - travel at same speed of light 186000 miles /s
*اكس راي غير مرئية وبدون وزن ولا اقدر اشوفها او اسمعها او احس فيها
+ can nnnnot reflected refracted forced to point
ممكن تنحرف ديفلكتيد لكن ال new
.trajectory يكون مستقيم
X ray nooo electric charge and not deviated with magnet
مهم
X ray is type of ——
Ionizing radiation
Penetration is selective depending on/
Density of object they strike الذي يصطدم
Wave length of x rays
Shorter wave length ——-
More penetration
——— are based on fluorescent properties of x ray
Intensifying screens
تأثير الاكس راي البيولوجي
Somatic and genetic
External comment of x ray machine
1- tubehead (. داخله اكس راي تيوب)
2-positioning arms
3- control panel
Heavy metal housing in tube head function is contain
Protect x ray tube
Prevent unnecessary radiation exposure to surroundings
Grounds high voltage components يقصد المحولات اللي هي الترانسفورمزم
Pid postion indicating device found in
Tubehead
Cathode مكون من
Tungsten filament
Filter is consider one of tubehead accessories and it’s ——
Alumimumn disks btw x ray tube and collimator
ويسمح بمرور فقط : more penetration radiation short limda and high energy
Where filter located
In end of PID which attaches to tubehead
Cillamtor is one of tubehead accessories and it’s function ….
Used for safety to reduce exposure to patient
+ increase sharpness of image (reduce scatter مبدد مبعثر )
+ restrict limit size and shape of x ray beam just to cover film receptor
How size we used Pid —-
Long 12 inch
The crest value of voltage ——
Kiolvolt peak
Quantity
Ma
Quality kvp
EM radiation arranged according to their ———-
energy
Control Panel contain
Main on/off switch
Timer
Exposure time selector
Warning light and audible signal
Feature of control panel ;
Digital and film mode selector
Film speed selector
Patient size selector
kVp selector
mA selector
Function of cathode —-
To supply electron المهمة لي for X-ray production
Function of anode —-
Convert energy of electrons into X-rays
What line focus principle ——
Use of 20 angle of target face anode provide small effective focal spot which lead to sharper image صورة اوضح
