Lecture 1

Question 1

Define Solution

Answer 1

A homogeneous mixture of at least two different chemical individuals composed of only one phase

Question 2

Define Phase

Answer 2

A region of space where all physical properties are uniform

Question 3

Define Compound

Answer 3

A combination of 2 or more elements held together by a chemical bond

Question 4

Define Homogenous

Answer 4

Properties all uniform (constant or changing continuously) throughout

Question 5

Unsaturated Solution

Answer 5

Complete dissolution of a solute in a solvent

Question 6

Define Saturated Solution

Answer 6

Undissolved solute within a solution

Question 7

Define Solvent

Answer 7

Water in aqueous solution

Question 8

Define Concentration

Answer 8

A qualitative expression of relative amounts of solutes and solvent in a solution

Question 9

Prefixes (4)

Answer 9

k kilo 10^ 3
m mili 10^ -3
u micro 10^ -6
n nano 10^ -9

Question 10

1 mole (n)

Answer 10

6.022 x 10^ 23 particles

Question 11

Mass fraction

1) Expressed as
2) Define
3) Units
4) Ranges
5) Formula

Answer 11

1) w
2) a ratio of the mass of solute ad the total mass of solution
3) no units
4) 0 - 1
5) w (solute) = m solute / m solute + m solvent

Question 12

What expresses:

1) m
2) M
3) n

Answer 12

1) mass
2) molar mass
3) moles

Question 13

Mass fraction when multiplied by
1) 100
2) 10^ 6
3) 10^ 9
will give:

Answer 13

1) mass percent (w% or w/w%)
2) ppm (parts per million)
3) ppb (parts per billion)

Question 14

Mole fraction

1) Denoted as
2) Define
3) Units
4) Ranges
5) Fraction

Answer 14

1) x
2) a ratio of the moles of solute and the total moles of solution
3) no units
4) 0 - 1
5) x (solute) = n solute / n solute + n solvent

Question 15

Molarity

1) Denoted as
2) Define
3) Formula
4) Units
5) Inconveniences

Answer 15

1) c
2) ratio of the moles of solute and the total volume of solution
3) c (solute) = n (solute) / V (solution)
4) M = mol L-1 or (mol dm-3)
5) V depends on T, P and C

Question 16

Molality

1) Denoted by
2) Define
3) Formula
4) Units

Answer 16

1) m (underlined)
2) a ratio of the moles of solute and the mass of the solvent
3) m (solute) = n solute / m solvent
(all m’s underlined)
4) mol kg-1

Question 17

Concentration of a solute in a solution expressed as (4)

Answer 17

1) Mass fraction
2) Mole fraction
3) Molarity
4) Molality

Question 18

Concentration summary

Answer 18

Mass fraction (w) = 
mass (solute) / mass (solution)
Mole fraction (x) = 
moles (solute) / moles (solution)
Molarity (c) = 
moles (solute) / volume (solution)
Molality (m - underlined) =
moles (solute) / mass (solvent)

Question 19

How to covert (mass fraction)

4 Steps

Answer 19

Step 1
Obtain % to grams (100% = 100g)
Step 2
Get the molar masses
Step 3
Convert grams to moles
Step 4
Calculate x & m (underlined)

Question 20

How to convert (mole fraction)

4 Steps

Answer 20

Step 1
Obtain mol (1 - ?)
Step 2
Get the molar masses
Step 3
Convert moles to grams 
Step 4
Calculate w & m (underlined)

Question 21

How to convert (grams to moles)

Answer 21

n= m / M

Question 22

How to convert (moles to grams)

Answer 22

m= n x M

Question 23

How to convert (Molality)

4 Steps

Answer 23

Step 1
Obtain mol/gram
Step 2
Get the molar masses
Step 3
Convert moles/grams
Step 4
Calculate w & x