Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology - Jourdan > Lecture 09 Overview of Circulation > Flashcards

Lecture 09 Overview of Circulation Flashcards

0
Q 
Blood flow resistance is indirectly proportional to which of the following?
Viscosity
Vessel diameter
Density 
Viscosity and density
A

Vessel diameter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

84% of the blood volume is in the systemic circulation. Of this, 64% is in what type of vessel?

A

Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

If rate of blood flow through the entire circulatory system (cardiac output) = 100ml/sec AND the pressure difference from the systemic arteries to the systemic veins = 100 mmHG, what is the total peripheral resistance equal to?

A

1 PRU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Reynolds number is a measure of what parameter?

A

Tendency for turbulence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What represents the viscosity of blood with a hematocrit of 38-42?

A

3.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the functional parts of the circulation?

A

Aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the arterial pressure during systolic?

A

120 mm Hg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the arterial pressure during diastolic period

A

80 mm Hg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When does the arterial pressure drop to 0 mm Hg?

A

By the time it reaches the termination of the vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the pressure range of the systemic capillary?

A

35 mm Hg to 10 mm Hg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the systolic pulmonary artery pressure?

A

25 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the Pulmonary diastolic pressure?

A

8 mm Hg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What parts of the circulatory system make up the systemic system?

A

Aorta, large arteries, small arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, small veins, large veins, vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What makes up the pulmonary system?

A

Pulmonary arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the major function of arteries?

A

Transport under high presssure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do arterioles control?

A

Conduits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the functions of capillaries?

A

Exchange between blood and extracellular fluid

17
Q

84% of blood volume is in the systemic circulation. How much of this blood volume is in the veins, arteries and systemic arterioles/capillaries?

A

64% in veins
13% in arteries
7% in systemic arterioles and capilaries

18
Q

How much % of blood is in the heart and lungs?

A

16%

19
Q

What is the equation of velocity of blood flow?

A 
V = F/A
F = volume of blood flow
A = vascular cross-sectional area
20
Q

What is the first principle of the circulatory system?

A

Rate of blood flow to each tissue of the body is almost always precisely controlled in relation to the tissue need

21
Q

What is the second principle of the circulatory system?

A

The cardiac output is controlled mainly by the sum of all the local tissue flows

22
Q

What is the third functional principle of the circulatory system?

A

Arterial pressure regulation is generally independent of either local blood flow control or cardiac output control

23
Q

What type of vessels monitor tissue needs?

A

Microvessels

24
Q

What do O2, other nutrients, CO2 accumulation, tissue wast product accumulation all do to local blood vessels?

A

Act directly on local blood vessels and dilate or constrict accordingly

25
Q

What does the heart respond to in the second functional principle?

A

Demands of tissues. And nerve signals may be needed to help the heart pump required amount of blood

26
Q

If arterial pressure falls below 100 mm Hg, nervous reflexes:

A

Increase force of heart pumping
Constrict large venous reservoirs
Generally constrict most of the arterioles throughout the body (increases arterial pressure)
Kidneys may later play important role in pressure control

27
Q

What are factors that determine blood flow?

A 
Pressure difference (pressure gradient)
Resistance
28
Q

How can the flow through a vessel be calculated?

A

by Ohm’s law
F = Change of P/R
Change of P = P1-P2

ml/min or liters/min

29
Q

What is the overall blood flow of an adult at rest?

A

5000 ml/min

which is the cardiac output

30
Q

What is laminar blood flow?

A

Streamline flow in layers

31
Q

What are the characteristics of streamlines?

A

Each layer maintains same distance from vessel wall
Central - most portion of the blood stays in the center
Each layer slips easily past surrounding layers
Velocity of fluid flowing in center is greater than that of fluid flowing towards the outer edge

32
Q

When does turbulent flow occur?

A

When flow is too great
Blood passes an obstruction within the vessel
Blood has to make a sharp turn
Blood passes over a rough surface

33
Q

When does blood flow with greater resistance?

A

When eddy currents occur

34
Q

What is directly proportional and inversely proportional to the tendency for turbulent flow to increase?

A

Direct proportion to velocity of blood flow
Direct proportion to the diameter of the vessel
Direct proportion to the density of the blood
Inversely to the viscosity of the blood

35
Q

What is the Reynolds number equation (Measure of the tendency for turbulence to occur)?

A

Re=(vdp)/n
Re= reynolds number
v= mean velocity of blood flow in cm/sec
d = vessel diameter in cm
p = density (normally only slightly greater than 1)
n = viscosity (in poise) (blood viscosity normally = 1/30 poise)

36
Q

When will the turbulent flow occur in some regions of a vessel?

A

At Re above 200-400

37
Q

When will turbulence occur even in a straight vessel?

A

When Re rises above 2000

38
Q

What is blood pressure

A

The force exerted by the blood against any unit area of the vessel wall

39
Q

How can pressure be measured?

A

With a mercury manometer or with electronic transducers

Physiology - Jourdan (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions