Lecture 07 Evaluating Arguments some basic questions Flashcards

0
Q

What are the 7 successful argument patterns

A

1) Modus Ponens

If A then B

A

B

2) Disjunctive Argument

Either A or B

Not A

B

3) Modus Tollens

If A then B

Not B

Not A

  • *4) Hypothetical Argument**

If A then B

If B then C

If A then C

5) Chain Argument

A

If A then B

If B then C

A

6) Predicate Instantiation

All P1’s are P2’s

m is a P1

m is a P2

7) Universal Syllogism

All P1’s are P2’s

All P2’s are P3’s

All P1’s are P3’s.

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1
Q

What are the 2 questions to consider when evaluating and argument.

A
  1. Does the conclusion follow from the premises
  2. Should the premises be accepted as true.
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2
Q

What is the universal claim of patterns in arguments

A

For a pattern of an argument that is valid, then

any argument with the same pattern is valid.

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3
Q

To show that the conclusion of an argument does not follow from the premises, you should

A
  1. Determine the pattern
  2. Make up a new argument, with
    a. the same pattern
    b. obviously true premises, and
    c. an OBVIOUSLY false conclusion.

A second method is too simply explain how the conclusion is false. By explanation.

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