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Building And Construction 1st Half Term > Lectrure 1 > Flashcards

Lectrure 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a QS

A

Quantity surveyor

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2
Q

What do QS do?

A

Evaluate how much a building may cost

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3
Q

What does the RIBA stand for

A

Royal Institute of British Architects

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4
Q

What does the RIBA plan to organise?

A

The process of briefing, designing, constructing and operating building projects into eight stages and explains stage outcomes

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5
Q

How many stages are there in the RIBA

A

8 stages

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6
Q

In the RIBA what will stages 0-4 generally happen

A

They will be undertaken one after the other

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7
Q

What will stages 4 and 5 be like

A

They will overlap in the project programme for most projects

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8
Q

What will stages 5 be like

A

Commences when the contractor takes possessions of the site and finishes at practical completion

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9
Q

Stage 6

A
  • Starts with the handover of the building to the client - -immediately after practical completion and finishes at the end of the defects liability period
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10
Q

Stage 7

A

Starts concurrently with stage 6 and last for the life of the building

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11
Q

What’s re the different types of contracting

A
  1. There is the general contracting/ traditional approach and
  2. there is the “design and build” approach and there is the
  3. “Construction management” approach
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12
Q

What is meant by the design and build approach

A

Where the contractor is responsible for both

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13
Q

What is meant by the traditional approach

A

Contractor build only

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14
Q

What is meant by construction management approach

A

Contractor is just a manager

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15
Q

When is it suitable to have a design and build approach

A
  • project that a contractor can complete with no major risk
  • project where a contractor has special expertise
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16
Q

When is it suitable to have the traditional approach/ general contracting

A
  • the employer wants to control the design
  • there are major risks and it would be unfair for the contractor to take them on (e.g. refuse of an existing building)
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17
Q

When is it suitable to have the construction management approach

A

When a developer wants some works to start early, before others are even designed

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18
Q

What is an exemplar elf intergrated supply chain

A

Watroise having there own farms, or Claire gardens supplying there own wood clippings

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19
Q

What is the positive of having intergrated supply chain

A

They have complete control over everything

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20
Q

What is supply chain with patterning relationships

A
  • developer then the rest are all kinda interlinked
  • some of Uk main contractors do it like this
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21
Q

What is Fragmented supply chain

A
  • all separate businesses
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22
Q

Example of fragmented supply chain

A

Builders renovating houses

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23
Q

How does a developer select a contractor

A
  • open tendering
    -selective tendering
    -two stage tendering
    -negotiation
    -framework agreement
24
Q

In the UK how normally does a developer select a contractor

A

Selective tendering

25
Q

What is selective tendering

A

10 contractors, sometimes have a pre qualification stage

26
Q

When is cost advice needed in a development project

A

Throughout the whole process rather than just having a surprise

27
Q

What are the challenges facing the built environment

A
  • increased urbanisation
    -degradation of natural resources
28
Q

What is some examples of environmental impacts of buildings:

A
  • energy use
    -green house gas emissions
    -construction/ demolition waste
    -potable water
    -raw materials
    -pollution
    -ecology
    -transport
    -health and well-being
    -land use
29
Q

Definition of sustainability

A
  • is meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
30
Q

What is sustainable development

A

-sustainable development is all about ensuring a better quality of life for everyone now and for the generations to come

31
Q

Sustainable development embraces the three broad themes- what are these themes?

A

Environmental, social and economic accountability
Often known as the “triple bottom line”

32
Q

Pre design sustainability principles: business planning- what does it mean?

A

The need for a new building as opposed to doing nothing , refurbishment or changes in working practices

33
Q

What is done in the selection of consultants in terms of pre design sustainibility principles

A
  • contractual requirements in relation to the selection of materials, monitoring and reporting, track record, enviromental accreditation and qualifications of staff
34
Q

What happens in the selection of location in terms of pre design sustainability principles

A
  • availability of transport
  • selection of greenfield or brownfield site
  • the local avalilibility of resources and services
  • the local infrastructure and local ecology
35
Q

What are assessment tools

A
  • techniques that predicts, calculates or estimates one or more enviromental performances characteristics of a product or building
36
Q

Sustainability assesment tools:what tools should be chosen for?

A
  • the quality of insight and feedback they provide to inform briefing and design in the early stages
  • expectations management as a project proceeds
37
Q

When are BREEAM assessments carried out

A

They are carried out by trained assessors based on a scoring system with nine criteria

38
Q

What is the number of criteria that is needed fro BREEAM

A

Nine criteria

39
Q

How many dimensions of project management are there

A

Three

40
Q

What are the three dimensions of project management control

A

Time, cost and quality

41
Q

The triangle or three dimensions of project management also sometimes known as

A

The iron triangle

42
Q

What are other factors that could also be out into the iron triangle/ three dimensions

A
  • environmental factors
  • social factors
    -health and safety/ cannot be something that can be compromised so arguably shouldn’t be in the iron triangle
43
Q

Example of some aspects of being a projecty manager

A
  • project team management
    -project time management
    -project cost management
    -project cost quality management
    -risk management
    -stakeholder management
44
Q

Example of some of the people that are involved in construction projects

A
  • client
    -project manager
    -design manager
    -architect
    -engineers (structural, mechanical and electrical)
  • QS
    -contractor
    -digital/bim engineer
45
Q

Difference between construction management than ordinary management

A
  • crew of strangers
  • little time to adjust to co- workers
  • tricky to motivate people when the end of the project is in sight
  • the individual needs are hard to handle in large projects
46
Q

Who developed the Gantt chart

A

Henry Gantt

47
Q

What does a Gantt chart consist of

A

Consists of time scale, activities (tasks) and the duration of activities (start to finish date)

48
Q

What do linked bar charts look like

A
  • shows the activities in timescale with bar chart
    -uses vertical links between bars to show all sequiential relationships between activities
49
Q

What are contractors main expenses- with direct costs

A

Direct costs include:
- labour
-materials
-equipment
-subcontractors
-other coasts (gov permit and dees, lawyers and consultants for specific task in a project)

50
Q

What are contractors main expenses- indirect costs

A
  • project overheard such as project staff, cars assigned to the project team, office equipment, temporary utilities
  • general overhead such as main office expenses, main office personnel, main office equipment and vehicles, main office services, advertising, charting contributions
    -contingency fees
51
Q

Definition of project cash flow

A

The net difference between the construction expenditure and income relating to the project at any point in tine during construction

52
Q

Is cash flow different to profit

A

Yes

53
Q

Why is cash flow considered a valuable concept

A

Because it enables us to look at the financing of a project in a more sophisticated way than merely considering lump sum totals of expenditure and receipts

54
Q

What is positive cash flow

A

When money is received into an organisation

55
Q

What is negative cash flow

A

When money is paid out

56
Q

What is the essence of cash flow

A

To ensure that a company is not exposed to excessive negative cash flow

Building And Construction 1st Half Term (1 decks)

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