Lect. 2 - Romanesque

Question 1

What system governed France and England during the Romanesque period? They remained what type of society?

Answer 1

1. Feudal
2. Agricultural society

Question 2

What was the relevance of the church during this period? Why?

Answer 2

1. Secular and religious authority were tightly intertwined
2. Christian rulers helped ensure the spread of Christianity throughout Europe and supported monastic communities with grants of land

Question 3

Where were the two new cultural forces fostered by the church?

Answer 3

1. Pilgrimages
2. Crusades

Question 4

Romanesque means? When and why was it coined?

Answer 4

1. “in the Roman manner”
2. Early 19th century to describe early medieval European church architecture

Question 5

Although timber remained common in construction, Romanesque builders used what whenever possible? Why?

Answer 5

Stone masonry
- Masonry vaults were stronger and more durable, they also enhanced the acoustical effect of the Gregorian chants

Question 6

“First Romanesque” refers to what in art history?

Answer 6

1. Stone vaulted buildings such as the Church of Sant Vincenc in Cardona
   - employing the term that Catalan architect and theorist Cadafalch first associated with them

Question 7

What is one of the best examples of “First Romanesque”?

Answer 7

The Church of Sant Vincenc, Cardona