lect 2: NEUROMOTOR IMPAIRMENTS Assessment and Treatment in OT Flashcards
hemi paresis meaning
partial paralysis or weakness on half of the body
true or false and why: shoulder sublux Occurs in early stages of the hemiplegic
and/or hemiparetic arm
true due to Due to weak or flaccid shoulder musculature
* May/may not have pain associated with
subluxation
contstuct assessed in box and block
unilateral gross manual dexterity
infection examples
shinges, encephalsitic, meninggeitcs
aspects to consider in a neuro assessment
age, nature of injury, occupation, formal assessments (structurs/functions, activtiy lims I(cahai), aprticipation, etc
major cerebellum function
balance coordination equilibrium
major frontal lobe function
executive function, problel solving, inhibition, motor planning [personality
what is ideaomotor approaxia
inability to carry out a motor act on verbal command or imitation.
Able to explain how to perform an action, but not “imagine” or act out a movement.
what are the limtaions involved in motor appraoxia
- Formulation of the intention to move
- Planning the movement
- Sequence of actions or movements
- Command or by imitation
major brain stem functions
respiration, cardiac functions, alertness, sleep wake, digestion,
true or falsed: trunk control influences tone, balance arom but does not impact functional performance
false it does
what do you consider in a scapular assessment
positioning (winging, has it moved)
scapular movbement/strength (activte movement, passive, resistnace)
muscle tone around scap
inability to carry out a motor act on verbal command or imitation.
Able to explain how to perform an action, but not “imagine” or act out a movement.
what type of appraxia
ideomotor
contstuct assessed in sollerman hand function
common hand grips
when is appraxia normally seen
in apahsia (left hemi leision)
constructus assessed in fugyl meyer
Motor functioning, balance, sensation, and
joint functioning
*Stages of motor recovery following stroke
(Brunnstrom
what are some spasticity assessments
ashworth (resistance to passive strgtch)
tardieu
compositve spasticity index
what is clonus
repetive contractions in the antagonist muscles in response to rapid stretch
overall, right side brain injury
attention impairements
left neglect
memory
decreased insight
what do you consider in a shoulder sublux assessment
look for palpable gap between acromion and humeral head
what are the standardized evals for balacne
berg balance
mini best
what is muscle tone
tension in the muscle at rest (and also muscles response to an outside force such as a strtch to protect from injury)
what is hypotonio
muscles slower to react to stretch, unable to sustain muscle contract
=appear soft, overrelaxed, mushy
what are some elements to consider when assessing sitting or standing balance
base of support
ability to maintain static psoition, to reach outside of BOS
any external supports needed
protective reactions
what are some possible neuromotor impairments following CNS
decreased balance
trunk control
sensation
edema
endurance
muscle tone
paresis/paralysis
pain
paresis meaning
partial paralysis (ie weakness) on part of body
what is a vascular disorder and give examples
disorder affected blood-related things (vessels, organs etc)
=stroke (ischemic, hemmoragic), TIAs
quick defintion of ideomotor vs ideational appraxia
Ideomotor Apraxia: Knows what to do but can’t do it.
Ideational Apraxia: Doesn’t know what to do.
overall, left side brain injuryies cause
diff understanding and expressing spiken and weitten
speech changes, memory issues
sequenceing diffiulties
what is motor apraxia
Inability to plan a movement; cannot get your body to do what you
want it to do (in the presence of NORMAL MOTOR & SENSORY FUNCTION FUNCTION)r
what are neurological conditions (review)
disease, injury, disorder to the NS (CNS, PNS, spinal cord)
Inability to use real objects, inability to conceptualize a task and
impaired ability to complete multistep actions. May complete actions in incorrect
orders.
what aparxia
ideational
plegia or paralysis
compelete paralysis of a body part
constructs assessed ni tempa
upper limb perf in daily activtities
what is ideational approaxia
Ideational apraxia: Inability to use real objects, inability to conceptualize a task and
impaired ability to complete multistep actions. May complete actions in incorrect
orders.
what is a developmental disorder and give examples
neuro conditions (pyhsical, psycho, cognitive, etc) that usually happens during childhood
ASD, DCD, CP, down syndrome, adhd
tourettes,
what are some UE motor function tests
box and block
jebsen hand
9 hole peg test
purdue pegboard
sollerman hand function tests
maj0or parietal lobe functions
reading, wrise, touch sense etc
what is a shoulder subluxation and what do you visually obsevrve
Defined as a partial or incomplete dislocation
due to changes in the mechanical integrity of
glenohumeral joint
- Palpable gap between acromion & humeral
head
hemiplegia meaning
complete paralysis of one side of the body
what is a common synergistic pattern in UE spasticity
elbow, wrist flexion
pronated forearm
clenched fist (thumb in palm)
contstuct assessed in ARAT
UE activity limitations: client’s ability to handle objects
of different size, weight and shape. Grasp, grip, pinch,
and gross movement.
contstuct assessed in jebsen
manual dexterity
true or false; motor appraox is a cognitive or perceptial issue
true
what are the 4 items of a trunk control test and score
rolling to affected (easier)
rolling to unaffected
sitting balance
supine to sitting position
score based on ability to performance task with or without support and abnorla or normal
degenerative disorders and examles
a condition characterized by the progressive deterioration or loss of function of tissues or organs over time
parkinson’s, alzeigmers, MS, ALS
major occupatla lobe function
vision and perception
consetructs assessed in cahai
UE bilateral functional tasks (e.g. open jar, call 911, put
toothpaste on brush, pour glass of water, etc.)
contstuct assessed in purdue peg
finger and gross motor dexterity
what are some contributing facors to balance
weight bearing/distruction
sway
allignment
psotural control
summetry
dispalcement
msucel strength meaning
muscle’s ability to contract and create force in
response to resistance
major temporal lobe function
memory,
hearing
feelings
langauge undersa=tandign
contstuct assessed in 9 hole ped
finger fexterity
What are some UE activtiy tests
Action research arm test
CAHAI
TEMPA
Fugyl meyer
assessment of UE and LE strength and ROM
MMT, pinch, dynamoments,
AROM and PROM
meuromuscular disorders nd examples
a broad group of conditions that affect the nerves, muscles, or the communication between them, leading to muscle weakness, atrophy, and other symptoms
bells palsy, spondylosys, carpal tunnel , guillame barrer
what is hypertonia
aka spasiticyu
msucles are in overactive state to strtch, high tension at risk for contractions
trama examples
TBI, SCI
