Lec1+2 Flashcards
What generates electric fields in our daily environment?
Electric fields are generated by power lines, electrical appliances (like refrigerators and televisions), and electronic devices (such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops).
How do electric fields interact with fibroblasts in the body?
Electric fields enhance fibroblast migration and proliferation, which leads to accelerated wound closure and promotes tissue repair and regeneration.
What happens when nerve cells are exposed to electric fields?
When exposed to electric fields, nerve cells may become more excitable, leading to increased firing rates and altered neural activity.
How can electric fields affect heart rhythm?
Electric fields can influence the heart’s rhythm by potentially disrupting normal electrical signals, which can lead to irregular heartbeats or arrhythmias.
What is the primary method of communication between neurons?
Neurons communicate through electrical signals called action potentials, generated by the movement of ions (like sodium and potassium) across the cell membrane.
What are some ways to minimize exposure to electric fields?
Three main ways to minimize exposure are:
- Maintain distance from high-voltage power lines and electrical substations
- Limit duration of exposure to electronic devices
- Use shielding materials like metal screens or special fabrics
What is the relationship between electric fields and muscle contraction?
Electric fields can stimulate muscle contractions, which is utilized in therapeutic techniques like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES).
How do electric fields contribute to wound healing?
Electric fields accelerate wound healing by increasing blood flow and promoting growth factor production, which aids tissue repair and regeneration.
What medical devices might be affected by strong electric fields?
Strong electric fields can disrupt the function of medical devices like pacemakers and ICDs (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators).
What is electrotherapy used for in medical treatments?
Electrotherapy is used for pain management, muscle rehabilitation, wound healing, and nerve stimulation.
What happens to the strength of electric fields as distance increases?
The strength of electric fields decreases rapidly with distance.
How do electric fields affect endothelial cells?
Electric fields promote endothelial cell migration and tube formation, which facilitates the development of functional vascular networks.
What is the main purpose of cardiac pacing?
Cardiac pacing uses electric stimulation to regulate the heart’s rhythm in patients with arrhythmias.
What role do electric fields play in bone healing?
Electric fields can stimulate bone growth and repair, enhancing bone healing after fractures or bone grafts.
How do keratinocytes respond to electric fields?
Keratinocytes respond to electric fields through increased migration and proliferation, which is crucial for forming new epithelial layers over wounds.
What are the direct effects of low-level electric fields on the human body?
At low levels, electric fields generally have minimal direct effects on the human body.
How can electric fields be used in brain stimulation?
Electric fields can be used through techniques like transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to modulate brain activity.
What is electrosensitivity?
Electrosensitivity is a phenomenon where some individuals experience tingling or prickling sensations on their skin when exposed to strong electric fields.
How does electric stimulation work in medical applications?
Electric stimulation delivers low-level electrical currents to targeted areas using an electrical stimulator connected to electrodes on the skin.
What are the thermal effects of electric fields on the body?
Electric fields can generate heat in body tissues, and prolonged exposure to strong fields may cause burns or tissue damage.
What happens during an action potential in neurons?
During an action potential, ion channels open, allowing positive ions like sodium and potassium to move in and out.
How do electric fields affect peripheral neuropathy?
Electric stimulation can help improve nerve function in peripheral neuropathy by stimulating affected nerves.
What safety considerations should be followed regarding electric fields?
People should avoid contact with high-voltage sources and follow doctor’s instructions regarding medical devices.
How can electric fields help with muscle rehabilitation?
Electric fields can help prevent muscle atrophy, improve muscle strength and coordination, and facilitate recovery after injuries.
