LEC 8

Question 1

Human rights

Answer 1

Rights and freedoms that are fundamental to the individual

Question 2

Civil liberties

Answer 2

Rights that a state owes to its citizens (for the citizens of other states)

Question 3

Article 9: the freedom of thought conscience and religion

Answer 3

• you have the right to hold a belief
• you have the freesom to change it freely
• you have the freedom to manifest and display that belief

In cases where it is necessary in a democratic society, in the interest of public safety - there can be a balancing exercise about who gets to mostly manifest their beliefs.

Question 4

Some examples of beliefs (art 9)

Answer 4

• Religions e.g. Christianity, Judaism, Islam…
  Also includes
• Veganism, Scientology, kosher diet.
  Lifestyle commitments and views.

Question 5

Article 9 manifestation

Answer 5

• manifestations of belief are the external dimension of your beliefs e.g. clothes, lifestyle, social choices
• these can be limitable by the state
• manifestation of belief can be restricted
  1. In accordance with law
  2. Necessary in a democratic society
  3. In the interest of public safety …

Question 6

Article 10: the right to freedom of expression

Answer 6

• 10(1)everyone has the right to freedom of expression:
• holding opinions
• giving and receiving information and ideas without interference from public authorities
• 10(2) but allows restrictions in art 10(2) which are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society
  Ways that freedom of expression can be reduced
• interest of national security
• prevention of disorder or crime
• Protection of health, or morals
  Protect territorial integrity or public safety
  

Question 7

Article 11: the right to freedom of assembly and association

Answer 7

• everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and to freedom of association with others
• no restriction shall be placed on the exercise of these rights other than such as prescribed by law and are neccassary society in the interest of
• National security or public safety
• The prevention of disorder or crime
• protection of health, or morals, or the rights and freedom of others

This article shall not prevent the imposition of lawful restrictions on the exercise of these rights by members of the armed forces, or the police, or of the administration of the state

• this covers protests and demonstrations