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Oral Pathology 1/2/16 > Lec 5: Oral Cancer and Precursor Lesions > Flashcards

Lec 5: Oral Cancer and Precursor Lesions Flashcards

1
Q

Oral cancer and precursor lesions- premalignant?

A 
Leukoplakia
 Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia
Tobacco pouch keratosis
 Oral submucous fibrosis
 Actinic cheilitis
 Erythroplakia
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2
Q

Oral cancer and precursor lesions- malignant?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma
Verrucous carcinoma
Basal cell carcionoma

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3
Q

Diagnosis of exclusion:

A

“what it isn’t, rather than what it is”

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4
Q

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia:

A

frequent in gingiva, starts as typical leukoplakia but exhibits progressive growth, and eventually transforms into cancer

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5
Q

Microscopic features of Leukoplakia are

A

Microscopic features of hyperkeratosis, epithelial dysplasia, carcinoma-in-situ, and squamous cell carcinoma

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6
Q

Hyperkeratosis (focal keratosis) shows

A

Increased thickness of keratin layer.

Note uniform maturation of squamous cells.

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7
Q

Epithelial dysplasia shows:

A

variation in size, shape & staining of nuclei.

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8
Q

Epithelial dysplasia showing pleomorphism:

A

variation in size, shape and staining of nuclei

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9
Q

mild–>moderate–>severe dysplasia shows

A

increasing severity of hyperchromatism and crowding

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10
Q

PROLIFERATIVE VERRUCOUS LEUKOPLAKIA is a? characterized by? significantly increased tendency to? Requires?

A

A special high-risk form of leukoplakia
Characterized by multiple white plaques with rough, warty surface projections
Significantly increased tendency to develop into squamous cell carcinoma
Requires close patient follow-up

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11
Q

Smokeless tobacco keratosis main concern

A

Gingival recession

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12
Q

Smokeless tobacco keratosis has a risk for?

A

cancer

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13
Q

Smokeless tobacco also associated with

A

caries, gingival recession and halitosis. Possibly also related to periodontal bone loss.

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14
Q

Most common chief complaint is trismus describes what disease?

A

Oral submucous fibrosis

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15
Q

95% of oral cancer is?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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16
Q

The prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma has a 5-year survival rate for oral cancer

A

that is relatively low

17
Q

People without risk factors can and do develop oral cancer–true or false?

A

true

18
Q

HPV is linked to? role in oral cancer?

A

oropharyngeal cancer; still unclear

19
Q

Intra-oral locations for oral cancer?

A

50% tongue

35% floor of mouth

20
Q

Most oral squamous cell carcinoma arises from _________ precursor lesionsd

A

clinically visible

21
Q

Evolution from precursor lesion to invasive cancer is often a __________

A

slow process

22
Q

Most oral cancers are ___________ if detected early in development

A

preventable or curable

23
Q

IF A SINGLE ULCER SHOWS NO SIGN OF HEALING 14 DAYS AFTER THE PUTATIVE CAUSE IS REMOVED, IT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED?

A

MALIGNANT UNTIL PROVEN OTHERWISE

24
Q

VERRUCOUS CARCINOMA-grade of malignancy?

A

low-grade malignancy

25
Q

BASAL CELL CARCINOMA aka

A

rodent tumor

26
Q

Does BBC occur in the mouth?

A

No

27
Q

BCC clinical findings?

A

Smooth, raised, shiny or translucent border with telangectasias
Depressed center, often ulcerated
Very infiltrative and destructive, but rarely metastasizes

28
Q

Shiny translucent surface with blood vessels describes?

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

29
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma vs. Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

BASAL CELL CARCINOMA
Above the lip-tragus line
Chronic sun exposure

SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
Below lip-tragus line
Acute sun damage (sunburn)

30
Q

Oral cancer is often preceded by

A

premalignant lesions

31
Q

Mild, Moderate, Severe dysplasia do we excise?

A

Only moderate and severe do we excise.

32
Q

What type of leukoplakia has high propensity to turn into cancer?

A

Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia

33
Q

Greater risk for malignancy leukoplakia or erythroplakia?

A

Erythroplakia

*Think red–Stop!

34
Q

1 Cancer originating in mouth?

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

35
Q

Malignant Potential Order

A

Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia (6) > Nicotine palatinus in reverse smokers (5) >Erythroplakia (5) > Erythroleukoplakia (4)> Smooth thick leukoplakia (2) > Smokless tobacco keratosis (1) > Lichen Planus> Smooth, thin leukoplakia

36
Q

What carcinoma does not occur in the oral cavity/mouth?

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Oral Pathology 1/2/16 (11 decks)

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