Lec 5

Question 1

Name the 7 basic needs of all animals that ensure physical and mental wellbeing

Answer 1

1. Warmth, comfort and security
2. companionship, mental stimulation and opportunities for expression of normal behaviours
3. protection from disease and injury
4. Protection from fear and distress
5. exercise
6. Provision of appropriate food and water
7. opportunity to defecate and urinate away from sleeping and eating area

Question 2

Describe the basic need : Provision of appropriate food and water

Answer 2

-feed has all 6 classes of essential nutrients
-feed is balanced (all nutrients are in appropriate proportions)
-digestible and utilisable
-palatable and acceptable

Question 3

What are the 6 classes of essential nutrients

Answer 3

1. carbs
2. water
3. fats
4. proteins
5. minerals
6. vitamins

Question 4

Describe the basic need : exercise

Answer 4

requirements depend on:
1. breed
2. age
3. health status
4. life stage

Question 5

Describe the basic need : protection from disease and injury

Answer 5

1) safe housing (no shape edges, non-toxic materials, escape proof etc)

2) hygiene and cleaning (appropriate disinfection, personnel hygiene, adequate cleaning, specialist housing for sick)

3) Healthcare (vaccination schedule, anti-parasitic, grooming, well-being)

Question 6

Describe the basic need : Warmth, comfort and security

Answer 6

temperature, humidity, darker areas for sleeping etc

Question 7

Describe the basic need : companionship, mental stimulation and opportunities for expression of normal behaviours

Answer 7

dogs are pack animals need human and dog presence
-some cats like to be housed together, other don’t

environmental enrichment

Question 8

what happens if an animal does not have enough environmental enrichment?

Answer 8

bored or adverse sterotypy (detrimental to wellbeing of animal) - may engage in self-mutilation etc

Question 9

Define environmental enrichment

Answer 9

the addition of 1 or more factors to an animal’s environment to improve the physical and psychological welfare of the animal

4 attributes of the environment that meet an animal’s psychological needs:
1. security
2. complexity
3. achievement
4. novelty

Question 10

What are the __ attributes of the environment that meet an animal’s psychological needs:

Answer 10

4

1. security
2. complexity
3. achievement
4. novelty

Question 11

Describe security interms of meeting an animal’s psychological needs

Answer 11

• safe nesting place
  -predictable routine
  -stable social group - dogs

Question 12

Describe complexity in terms of meeting an animal’s psychological needs

Answer 12

• allow animals to carry out a range of locomotive and explorative activities e.g climbing, digging

Question 13

Describe achievement in terms of meeting an animal’s psychological needs

Answer 13

-dogs and cats appreciate opportunities to control their environment in some ways
-toys that are easily manipulated (work for reward)

Question 14

Describe novelty in terms of meeting an animal’s psychological needs

Answer 14

-degree of unpredictability
-balanced carefully against need for security
e.g new toys, smells, sounds

too much = anxious/afraid
not enough = bored

Question 15

Name some considerations when it comes to housing an animal

Answer 15

1. breed of dog vs type of home (great dane, apartment)
2. purpose of having the animal (companion, farm..)
3. facility design (ease of cleaning, welfare ..)