LEC 4 Plasmodium

Question 1

Discovered low parasitemia from Macaca fascicularis; extremely high parasitemia in Macaca mulatta

Answer 1

Drs Knowels and Das Gupta

Question 2

Southeast Asian Countries that has cases of P. knowlesi

Answer 2

1. Philippines
2. Malaysia
3. Singapore
4. Thailand
5. Indonesia
6. Vietnam

Question 3

How many cases of P. knowlesi were identified in 2006 in 2 barangays outside Puerto Princesa?

Answer 3

5

Question 4

They inoculated the parasite to long tailed macaques and rhesus macaque

Answer 4

Campbell and Napier

Question 5

Insect vector of P. knowseli

Answer 5

Anopheles minimus flavirostris

Question 6

Stands up when biting

Answer 6

Anopheles

Question 7

Sits down when biting

Answer 7

Aedes

Question 8

Kingdom

Answer 8

Protista

Question 9

Phylum

Answer 9

Apicomplexa

Question 10

Class

Answer 10

Aconidasida

Question 11

Order

Answer 11

Piroplasmida

Question 12

Family

Answer 12

Babesiidae

Question 13

Most common parasite of Protista

Answer 13

Babesia microti

Question 14

Misdiagnosed as Plasmodium in areas high in Malaria prevalence due to its “ring shape”

Answer 14

Babesia

Question 15

Geographic distribution of Babesia

Answer 15

Worldwide

Question 16

Most common babesia in Europe

Answer 16

B. divergens

Question 17

Most common babesia in northeast and midwest portions of United States

Answer 17

B. microti

Question 18

Recently found on west coast may not be as prevalent in malaria-endemic countries

Answer 18

WA-1 strain

Question 19

Definitive host of Babesia

Answer 19

Human or Deer tick

Question 20

Vector of babesia

Answer 20

Ixodes scapularis

Question 21

Sexual phase is also known as?

Answer 21

Sporogony

Question 22

Results in the production of sporozoites

Answer 22

Sexual phase

Question 23

Sexual phase takes about how many days?

Answer 23

8-35 days

Question 24

Asexual phase is also known as?

Answer 24

Schizogony

Question 25

Interval from sporozoite injection to the detection of parasites in the blood

Answer 25

Pre-patent period

Question 26

Interval between sporozoite injection and the appearance of clinical signs and symptoms

Answer 26

Incubation period

Question 27

Pre-patent period of P. falciparum

Answer 27

11 - 14 days

Question 28

Pre-patent period of P. vivax

Answer 28

11 - 15 days

Question 29

Pre-patent period of P. ovale

Answer 29

14 - 26 days

Question 30

Pre-patent period of P. malariae

Answer 30

3-4 weeks

Question 31

Used to identify specie

Answer 31

Thin films

Question 32

Numerous small pink granules sometimes seen in erythrocytes infected with P. ovale and P. vivax

Answer 32

Schuffner’s dots

Question 33

Preferred for detecting malaria infection because a greater amount of blood is examined

Answer 33

Thick films

Question 34

Irregular, ameboid in trophozoites; has “spread out” appearance

Answer 34

P. vivax

Question 35

Rounded, compact trophozoites with dense cytoplasm; band form occasionally seen

Answer 35

P. malariae

Question 36

Tends to form a “rosette” or “flowerette” pattern

Answer 36

P. Malariae merozoite

Question 37

A water-soluble protein produced by P. falciparum trophozoites and young gametocyte

Answer 37

Histidine-rich protein II (HRP II)

Question 38

Treatment of malaria

Answer 38

Permethrin or deltamethrin, (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide)

Question 39

Primaquine

Answer 39

Hypnozoiticidal and gametocytocidal

Question 40

Chloroquine

Answer 40

Blood schizontocides

Question 41

Curcumin

Answer 41

Blood schizontocides

Question 42

Artemisinin Dihydroartemisimin

Answer 42

Gametocytocidal

Question 43

Occur when an infant acquires the infection at birth due to maternal-fetal blood transfusion when the placental vessels rupture

Answer 43

Congenital malaria

Question 44

Able to generate specialized proteins and substance that cause the surface of the infected RBC to become sticky or adhesive

Answer 44

P. falciparum

Question 45

Incubation period of P. falciparum

Answer 45

8-15 days

Question 46

Incubation period of P. vivax

Answer 46

12-20 days

Question 47

Incubation period of P. ovale

Answer 47

11-16 days

Question 48

Incubation period of P. malariae

Answer 48

18-40 days

Question 49

4 PH Provinces that remain endemic for Malaria

Answer 49

1. Palawan 2. Sulu 3. Occidental Mindoro 4. Sultan kudarat

Question 50

Area in the Philippines with the greatest number of malarial cases

Answer 50

Palawan

Question 51

Est. cases of Malaria in 2010

Answer 51

216M cases

Question 52

Death common in Malaria

Answer 52

Children <5 years old

Question 53

Intermediate host

Answer 53

Human

Question 54

A parasite of long-tailed macaques but humans may be at risk of infection in certain

Answer 54

P. knowlesi

Question 55

Occurs in the mosquito

Answer 55

Sexual phase

Question 56

Occurs in humans

Answer 56

Asexual phase

Question 57

Due to increased numbers of persisting blood stage form to clinically detectable levels but not from hypnozoites

Answer 57

Recrudescences

Question 58

Ring form, immature trophozoite

Answer 58

Small trophozoite

Question 59

Transition phase from ring stage to mature stage

Answer 59

Growing trophozoite

Question 60

Mature trophozoite

Answer 60

Large trophozoite

Question 61

Has the greatest number of endemic areas

Answer 61

Africa

Question 62

Mild shivering to pronounced shaking of the entire body although the core temperature is high or may be rising quickly

Answer 62

Cold stage

Question 63

The patient may vomit and febrile convulsion may occur in young children

Answer 63

Cold stage

Question 64

Patient becomes febrile, fevers may reach a peak of 41C

Answer 64

Hot stage