[Lec 4] Mastering Biology: Genome structure, chromatin, and nucleosomes Flashcards
The letter A indicates _____.
a. supercoils
b. a nucleosome
c. a DNA double helix
d. histones
e. loops
c.
Where would RNA polymerase attach?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. A and B
e. B and C
a.
The letter C indicates _____.
a. supercoils
b. a nucleosome
c. a DNA double helix
d. histones
e. loops
d.
What is this an image of?
a. supercoils
b. a nucleosome
c. a DNA double helix
d. histones
e. loops
a.
What is this an image of?
a. supercoils
b. a nucleosome
c. a DNA double helix
d. histones
e. loops
e.
A single histone H1 binds to which of the following?
a. linker DNA on both sides of a nucleosome
b. linker DNA on one side of a nucleosome and a second site in the middle of the DNA wrapped around the nucleosome
c. linker DNA on both sides of a nucleosome DNA and to a region in the middle of the DNA wrapped around the nucleosome
d. linker DNA on one side of a nucleosome
b.
A nucleosome forms hydrogen bonds with what part of the DNA?
a. with the phosphodiester backbone and with bases via the major groove
b. with the phosphodiester backbone and with bases via the minor groove
c. only with bases via the minor groove
d. only with bases via the major groove
b.
In a nucleosome, _______ .
a. about 147 base pairs of DNA are wrapped around an octamer of histone proteins
b. about 174 base pairs of DNA are wrapped around an octamer of histone proteins
c. about 174 base pairs of DNA are wrapped around a hexamer of histone proteins
d. about 147 base pairs of DNA are wrapped around a hexamer of histone proteins
a.
Each nucleosome includes ________ .
a. two H2A, two H2B, two H3, and two positively charged histone H4 proteins. (H1 is not part of the nucleosome.)
b. two H2A, two H2B, two H3, and two positively charged histone H1 proteins. (H4 is not part of the nucleosome.)
c. one H2A, three H2B, one H3, and three positively charged histone H1 proteins. (H4 is not part of the nucleosome.)
d. three H2A, one H2B, three H3, and one positively charged histone H4 proteins. (H1 is not part of the nucleosome.)
a.
Select all properties that differ between the chromosome makeup in E. coli compared to human cells.
Check all that apply.
a. The size of the human genome is smaller than the E. coli genome.
b. E. coli genomic DNA is linear, whereas chromosomes in human cells are circular.
c. E. coli genomic DNA is circular, whereas chromosomes in human cells are linear.
d. E. coli have one chromosome, whereas human cells have 22 pairs of chromosomes.
e. E. coli have one chromosome, whereas human cells have 22 pairs plus the sex chromosomes.
f. The size of the human genome is larger than the E. coli genome.
c, e, f
The chromosomal DNA is located in the nucleus in ______________.
eukaryotic cells
The chromosomal DNA is located within the nucleoid in ___________.
prokaryotic cells
The “intergenic” parts of the human genome (i.e., the portion of the genome that does not encode proteins or structural RNAs) consist of which types of DNA sequences?
a. introns, gene fragments, and pseudogenes
b. genome-wide repeats, pseudogenes, and microsatellite DNA
c. genome-wide repeats, microsatellite DNA, and regulatory sequences
d. introns, regulatory sequences, and microsatellite DNA
c.
