lec 3: teen/adult ax

Question 1

How do we overcome the problem of variability over time, audience and situation? (3)

Answer 1

1. get several samples over time, audience, context and task
2. logs and severity ratings from real life contexts
3. asking about representativeness

Question 2

T or F: %SS is the most important measure to collect for determining tx

Answer 2

false

Question 3

what do we do differently for ax adults? (1)

Answer 3

presumed aetiology – is it acquired? family history / genetics doesn’t matter for adults bc they will continue stuttering anyways

Question 4

for children we examine risk factors but for adults we examine prognostic factors. what are they? (4)

Answer 4

1. concomitant speech/language/motor/cognitive delays
2. attitudes, anxiety, avoidance
3. motivation/availability for tx
4. previous tx (good/bad)

Question 5

why would logging be helpful for adult ax? (6)

Answer 5

1. track triggers of severity
2. track triggers for anxiety, avoidance and attitudes
3. setting goals/making hierarchies
4. track progress (i.e., anxiety levels)
5. ensure practice week to week
6. guides ongoing transfer/maintain practice gains long-term

Question 6

how many samples should we aim to get from adults?

Answer 6

• 3 samples
• 2 speech: home/work/social + clinic
• 1 reading sample

Question 7

how many words/syllables should the samples we collect from adults be?

Answer 7

200 words/syllables or 3 mins

Question 8

what are the 7 speech ax measures?

Answer 8

1. frequency (%SS for adults)
2. types (PBR)
3. duration
4. secondary reactions
5. naturalness (0-9)
6. speaking rate (not often done)
7. severity

Question 9

briefly describe each severity rating:

1) very mild
2) mild
3) mild-moderate
4) moderate
5) moderate-severe
6) severe
7) very severe

Answer 9

1. <1% words stuttered, <1 sec disfluencies, no associated movements
2. 1-2% words stuttered, up to 1 sec disfluencies, scarcely perceptible tension
3. 2-5% words stuttered, most >1 sec disfluencies, some tension but not distracting
4. 5-8% words stuttered, 1 sec disfluencies average, tension occasionally distracting
5. 8-12% words stuttered, 2 sec disfluencies average, noticeable tension
6. 12-25% words stuttered, 3-4 sec disfluencies, conspicuous tension
7. > 25% words stuttered, 4+ sec disfluencies, very conspicuous tension

Question 10

how many syllables/min do adults typically talk?

Answer 10

180-200

Question 11

up to __% of adults who enrol in stuttering therapy have social anxiety disorder

Answer 11

60

Question 12

what are attitude tests used for predicting?

Answer 12

long-term tx effectiveness

Question 13

it’s not enough to just write the stuttering severity in reports. what else must we report?

Answer 13

impact! (i.e., is it minimal, moderate, significant / social, academic, vocational impacts / confidence)