Lec 3

Question 1

ecology

Answer 1

studies how organisms interact with each other and their environment

Question 2

Ecology is not the same as

Answer 2

protecting the environement

Question 3

Abiotic:

Answer 3

environmental physical and chemical features

Question 4

Biotic:

Answer 4

environmental biological factors - organisms interact with others in complex ways

Question 5

First terrestrial organisms evolved

Answer 5

only about 450 million years ago

Question 6

unchecked ecological populations grow

Answer 6

exponentially

Question 7

The largest population size that is sustainable is called

Answer 7

carrying capacity

Question 8

inhibitors of exponential growth

Answer 8

limited resources & nutrients
competition
mortality & predation

Question 9

Production:

Answer 9

when an organism generates new resources

Question 10

Predation:

Answer 10

when an organisms is using other organisms as a resource

Question 11

Competition:

Answer 11

when a resource is limited some organisms use it at the expense of others

Question 12

most important biological interaction

Answer 12

production

Question 13

New resources are generated by

Answer 13

Photosynthesis and Chemosynthesis

Question 14

Chemosynthesis uses energy from

Answer 14

other chemical comp- ounds instead of the sun

Question 15

Symbiosis is

Answer 15

when two species live in close association as the result of co-evolution

Question 16

Commensalism:

Answer 16

one species obtains shelter or food without affecting the other species

Question 17

Autotrophs get energy from

Answer 17

the non living environment, they are involved in production

Question 18

Heterotrophs get energy from

Answer 18

other organisms or organic material, they are normally involved in predation but also in production

Question 19

respiration

Answer 19

The chemical reaction by which heterotrophic organisms obtain energy

Question 20

In aerobic respiration,

Answer 20

organic molecules are broken down using oxygen (O2), liberating energy, carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)

Question 21

Anaerobic respiration and fermentation…

Answer 21

… do not require oxygen but are less efficient

Question 22

Important mineral nutrients for photosynthesis are

Answer 22

carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron

Question 23

resource partitioning

Answer 23

Sometimes species divide the resources and specialize on just part of it

Question 24

Pelagic:

Answer 24

organisms that live in the water column

Question 25

Neritic:

Answer 25

pelagic organisms that live above the shelf

Question 26

oceanic:

Answer 26

organisms that live beyond the shelf break

Question 27

Plankton:

Answer 27

pelagic organisms that do not swim or swim weakly and are pulled by currents

Question 28

Nekton:

Answer 28

pelagic organisms that can oppose the current by swimming actively

Question 29

paleocurrent

Answer 29

currents that bring old organisms that are dead or cannot live there

Question 30

Tides: limit species that

Answer 30

cannot control desiccation, changes in temperature, wave forces, etc.