lec 2 rajamandala & buddhification

Question 1

world economic systems are engaged in 2 things:

Answer 1

trade and cultural exchanges

Question 2

why is the indian ocean region in this period different from modern concepts of world economies/globalikzation?

Answer 2

bc these concepts are informed by colonial legacies, yet at this point the region had no contact w colonial worldviews

Question 3

geography is shaped by…

Answer 3

sociocultural concepts

Question 4

Kandy defended themselves from european colonization in 4 ways:

Answer 4

1. superior understanding of the land
2. diplomacy
3. guerilla warfare tactics
4. seasonal flooding

Question 5

in the last 200 years the state has been understood to be: (2)

Answer 5

1. a political, geographical entity
2. A top down hierarchical form of power, with sovereignty vested in highest authority

Question 6

a state possesses 5 big things:

Answer 6

1. a govt that makes decisions about right & wrong
2. territory and borders defining inside/outside
3. formal citizenship defining insiders/outsiders
4. belief that borders approximate a nation
5. military that protects from outsiders

Question 7

Modern nation states are generally assumed to be natural but in reality…

Answer 7

have a history that emerges from the period of colonization

Question 8

the concept of church vs state and their separation arises from…

Answer 8

a particular european problem that doesn’t have historical grounding in other parts of the world

Question 9

The idea of church and state relies on an assumption of conflict between…

Answer 9

spiritual and political/territorial realism

Question 10

“rajamandala” is a term that refers to

Answer 10

A form of spatial organization indigenous to south and southeast asia developing from hindu/buddhist political theory

Question 11

in rajamandala, the king’s authority comes from [1] as the [2] and [3]

Answer 11

1. dharma/moral law
2. chakravartin/universal emperor
3. boddhivista

Question 12

define boddhivista:

Answer 12

a person who has attained all the knowledge necessary in order to escape the cycle, but has chosen to stay in a mortal form in order to help others achieve spiritual perfection

Question 13

in the rajamandala system, the division betweem cosmology and material realms..

Answer 13

does not exist

Question 14

tambiah is arguing against 3 main things:

Answer 14

1. Classical anthropological explanations that mythologizes indigenous cosmo-political orders
2. Romanticization of indigenous political orders
3. Western tendency to over-emphasizes the top-down state structure and economic determinism

Question 15

galactic sovereignty has no separation of (3)

Answer 15

economy/territory/spirituality

Question 16

what does tambiah mean by “totality”?

Answer 16

lack of separation of economy/territory/spirituality and where no one is considered more important than another

Question 17

within rajamandala, the [1] is more important that the integrity of the temporal agent, therefore [2] is not a contradicition of the divine right of kings:

Answer 17

1. integrity of the structure
2. perennial rebellion and conflict

Question 18

[1] was essential to actualizing rajamandala

Answer 18

ceremony

Question 19

[1] was essential to keeping the rajamandala system balanced

Answer 19

dharma

Question 20

within the kandyan political economy, the [1] was the main scale of political economy

Answer 20

village

Question 21

define rajakariya:

Answer 21

kingservice, or obligatory work to the king/state that was beneficial for everyone

Question 22

there were 4 types of villages, depending on who their service/taxes were directed toward:

Answer 22

1. free
2. royal
3. aristocratic
4. temple

Question 23

authority to rule kandy was based on…

Answer 23

performing scared/material duties in tandem

Question 24

the galactic system regularly incirporated [1], bc there was no notion of [2] in the way we understand it now

Answer 24

1. outsiders
2. nationalism/ethnicity

Question 25

in 1739 Sri Vijaya Rajasinha became the first of the…

Answer 25

nayakkar dynasty

Question 26

the asala perahera was an important cermony that included the [1] and reinfocred the [2]

Answer 26

1. dalada/tooth relic
2. king’s function as bodhisattva