LEC 11 Flashcards
Gas Laws P1
Kinetic Molecular Theory
model for the behaviour of gases
1. no definite shape
2. particles far apart
3. will completely fill any container, easy to compress
4. exert pressure in a container
5. the higher the temperature, the faster the movement and the more pressure they exert
no definite shape
A gas consists of small particles that move randomly with high velocity
particles far apart
The attractive forces between particles are usually quite small
will completely fill any container, easy to compress
The actual volume occupied by gas molecules is extremely small compared to the volume that the gas occupies
exert pressure in a container
Gas particles are in constant motion, moving rapidly in straight paths
the higher the temperature, the faster the movement and the more pressure they exert
The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is proportional to the Kelvin temperature
Four Basic Properties
- Pressure
- Volume
- Temperature
- Amount of gas
How is pressure exerted?
Particles move rapidly and hit walls of containers
What happens to the pressure if the container is heated? (3)
molecules move faster
collide with the walls of the container more often
increase the pressure they exert
Atmospheric Pressure
A column of air extending from the atmosphere to the surface of Earth produces pressure on each of us of about 1 atm
Atmospheric pressure at higher altitude
less because there are fewer particles in the air
Atmospheric pressure at lower altitude
more because there are more particles in the air
Units of measure atmospheric pressure
atm
mmHg
Torr
kPa
psi
Volume
volume of gas = the size of the container in which the gas is placed
Temperature
related to the kinetic energy of its particles
