Lec 1 - Introduction To Metalliferous Ore Deposit

Question 1

Strives to improve genetic models of ore deposits, it provides insight into unique geological models of ore formation

Answer 1

Economic Geology

Question 2

Practical mission of economic Geology

Answer 2

Provision of metals and minerals that society requires

Question 3

Ectraction of valuable minerals or other geologic materials from earth

Answer 3

Mining

Question 4

Major roles in the life cycle of a mine

Answer 4

1. Lead in search of new mineral deposits
2. Contributes to economic and technical evaluations
3. Continuously updates mineral reserves
4. Aids in rehab after mine closure

Question 5

• Natural resources in the form of mineral deposits

- any volume of rock containing an enrichment of one or more minerals

Answer 5

Mineral Resources

Question 6

Factors affecting the size available reserve relative to total resource

Answer 6

1. Commodity price or value
2. Exploration
3. Technological developments
4. Changes in regulatory requirement

Question 7

Determine the size of reserve and whether the mineral deposit is economic. This is intimately linked with demand and supply.

Answer 7

Cost vs. price

Question 8

Natural concentration of useful metals, minerals, or rock, which can be economically exploited

Answer 8

Ore deposits

Question 9

Refers to concentrations that are small or too low-grade for mining

Answer 9

Occurence/Mineralization

Question 10

A natural material from which valuable or useful metal occurs at a sufficient concentration, relative to average rocks, to make it economically worth mining

Answer 10

Ore

Question 11

Non valuable minerals that occurs along with the ore

Answer 11

Gangue

Question 12

Cu

Answer 12

Chalcocite
Chalcopyrite
Bornite
Azurite
Malachite

Question 13

Fe

Answer 13

Magnetite

Hematite

Question 14

Sn

Answer 14

Cassiterite

Question 15

Pb

Answer 15

Galena

Question 16

Hg

Answer 16

Cinnabar

Question 17

Zn

Answer 17

Sphalerite

Question 18

Al

Answer 18

Kaolinite

Corundum

Question 19

Cr

Answer 19

Chromite

Question 20

Ni

Answer 20

Pentlandite

Question 21

Ti

Answer 21

Ilmenite

Rutile

Question 22

W

Answer 22

Scheelite

Question 23

Mo

Answer 23

Molybdenite

Question 24

Mg

Answer 24

Dolomite

Magnesite

Question 25

Mn

Answer 25

Pyrolusite | Rhodochrosite

Question 26

Early humans used _____ and ______ as pigments

Answer 26

Cinnabar and hematite

Question 27

The first large scale mineral industry, it was used by babylonians and egyptians as building materials

Answer 27

Clay

Question 28

Made use of various minerals including some as tints for paints

Answer 28

Paleolithic man

Question 29

Man that is acquainted with gold and copper

Answer 29

Neolithic man

Question 30

Oldest form of mining is for

Answer 30

Gemstones and decorative stones

Question 31

When man began hammering tools out of native copper

Answer 31

Copper age

Question 32

When mesopotamians learn that adding tin to copper made it harder

Answer 32

Bronze Age

Question 33

Copper was discovered in?

Answer 33

18,000 B.C.

Question 34

Earth + Water + Sun Rays = metals - grow through accumulation of dark exhalations - pure, serene heavenly rays from fixed stars gave birth to bright and precious stones

Answer 34

Aristotelian View

Question 35

Noted in the occurence of gold in quartz veins

Answer 35

Herodotus

Question 36

A pupil of aristotle described 16 minerals grouped as metals, stones, and earth

Answer 36

Theophrastas

Question 37

He wrote naturalis historia

Answer 37

Pliny the Elder

Question 38

He grouped the minerals as stones, sulfurs, metals, and salts during the dark ages

Answer 38

Avicenna

Question 39

Th golden fleece and the art of making gold

Answer 39

Frascatus, thomas, norton, auerelio augerelli

Question 40

How does the fire from the center of the earth was made

Answer 40

Rays from heavenly bodies collide from one another to for, heat inside the earth

Question 41

Soft plastic material from which metals come from

Answer 41

Gur

Question 42

``` Sun - Gold Moon - Silver Mercury - Quicksilver Venus - copper Mars - iron Jupiter - tin Saturn - lead ```

Answer 42

Planets are the creative influence that developed metals

Question 43

Fire at the center of earth

Answer 43

Johann Jochim Becher

Question 44

True or False: ore should be more abundant going nearer the central fire

Answer 44

True

Question 45

The Golden Tree Mineral veins are offshoots from an immense trunk which goes down int o the depths of the earth and on account of its great distance from the surface, cannot be reached by mining.

Answer 45

Johan Gottlob Lehman

Question 46

He describe pyrites in a clay bed

Answer 46

Bernard Palissy

Question 47

Hidtory of metals, 1671

Answer 47

John Webster

Question 48

A discourse of natural bathes and mineral waters, 1669

Answer 48

Edward Jorden

Question 49

Earth by a metallic plastic principle latent in it, may be in the processe of time changed into a metal (the sceptical chymist, 1661)

Answer 49

Rober Boyle

Question 50

Ore develops in suitable

Answer 50

Matrices

Question 51

Nature strives after the better

Answer 51

Aristotle

Question 52

The heat inside the earth is not equal in intensity everywhere, and the heat “matures” metals

Answer 52

Fracastus

Question 53

Metals gradually matured by heat, passing through successive froms and eventually becoming gold

Answer 53

Ludivicus

Question 54

He wrote the earliest book on ore deposits

Answer 54

Ulrich Rulein von Kalbe (Calbus)

Question 55

- natural heat which disintegrates and wastes away metals and specially ores when they reached their perfection - vapor or exhalation which rises from the veins - bluish lambent flame often associated with sulphurous vapor, which may be taken as indisputable evidence of the presence of mineral veins

Answer 55

Witterung

Question 56

The country rock and mineral veins that cut it, with the ores and accompanying gangue minerals, were created by God just as we see them at present

Answer 56

The vulgar opinion by Franciscus Rueus

Question 57

Who led the odern thinking in geology that began in the 16th century?

Answer 57

Agricola and Palissy

Question 58

Father of economic geology who wrote the book De re ametallica Libri Xll

Answer 58

Georgius Agricola

Question 59

2 fundamental principles in ore deposits

Answer 59

- “ore channel” are principally secondary features, younger than the country rock - ore has been deposited from solutions in these channels

Question 60

Who translated the book De Re Metallica in 1912

Answer 60

Herbert Hoover and Lou Henry Hoover

Question 61

2 kinds of water according to agricola

Answer 61

- condensed steam | - rain water

Question 62

Ores are product of condensation from vapors asscending through fissures

Answer 62

Nicolas Steno

Question 63

Formed as high temperature replacement bodies near the border zones of igneous intrusive

Answer 63

Pyrometasomatic Deposit

Question 64

Ores formed by hot, aqueous solution

Answer 64

Hydrothermal Deposits

Question 65

Formed at great depths and at high temperature

Answer 65

Hypothermal

Question 66

Ores formed at intermediate depth and temperatures

Answer 66

Mesothermal

Question 67

Ores formed at shallow depth and relatively low temperatures

Answer 67

Epithermal