Lec 1 - General Organization/Ontogeny Flashcards
Two parts of CNS
Brain, spinal cord
PNS consists of these two things
Spinal nerves, cranial nerves
Ans resides in both blank and blank
Brain, spinal cord
Part of CNS between cerebrum and spinal cord
Brainstem
Nervous system is derived from blank
Ectoderm
Dorsal induction of the neural plate happens during the blank week of development
3rd week
Formation of the neural tube
Primary neuralation
Neural tube induces thickening of the blank that generates additional neural crest cells
Cranial epithelium (Placodes)
4th week of development has this which is a longitudinal groove in the lateral wall of the neural tube appears and subdivides the gray matter in the walls
Sulcus limitans
Sulcus limitans subdivides gray matter in the walls into these two plates
Alar (dorsal) plate, basal (ventral) plate
Mass of cells develops in closed caudal end with a secondary cavity to form sacral spinal cord and adjacent tissues
Secondary neurulation
At the end of the 4th week, the 3 bulges become blank
Primary vesicles
Three primary vesicles
Prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon
These form during the 5th week
Secondary vesicles
Important part of 5th week is the transient blank that develops that shapes the central cavity and is the future blank
Pontine flexure, 4th ventricle
Pontine flexure develops on blank surface of the blank
Dorsal, mesencephalon
Growth of this part of the brain overshadows the rest of the brain
Telencephalon
Migration and differentiation of blank and blank cells ehlp grow the cerebral cortex and cerebellum
Neuronal, glial cells
Most neuronal production happens during this time
Month 3-month 5
Adults even have these which allows long term memory
Stem cells
This sticks out as a bridge between the two cerebral hemispheres
Lamina terminalis
Two commissures formed from lamina terminalis
Anterior commissure, corpus callosum
Cerebrum is made from these
Telencephalon, diencephalon
Three developmental parts of brainstem
Midbrain, pons, medulla
Neural tube cavity persists in adult cns as ventricles which are filled with blank
Csf
Lateral ventricles are connected to third ventricle via
Interventricular foramen
3rd ventricle communicates with 4th via blank
Cerebral aqueduct
3rd ventricle is located in blank
Diencephalon
Complete failure of tube to close and cns is an open dorsal furrow on the head and the body
Craniorachischisis
Caudal neuropore does not close. Sulcus limitans on each side of the midline ventral groove, the alar and basal plates are visible as four distinct bands o nthe exposed neural plate
Spina bifida
Rostra neuropore fails to close and is the absence of cerebral hemisphere
Anencephaly
Single misalignment at the site where the neural tube begins to close may cause elongated cerebellum or elongated caudal brainstem
Arnold chiari malformation
Three parts of nervous system
CNS, PNS, ans
