Lec 1 Cranium

Question 1

What are the two parts of the cranium?

Answer 1

Neurocranium
Viscerocranium

Question 2

What part of the skull houses the brain?

Answer 2

Neurocrainum

Question 3

What part of the skull houses most of the sensory organs?

Answer 3

viscerocranium

Question 4

What are the parts of the zygoma?

Answer 4

zygomatic bone
maxillar
temporal bone

Question 5

What is the pterion?

Answer 5

all the sutures of the skull come together

Question 6

What are the clinical implications of the pterion?

Answer 6

a weak spot in the skull since all bones coming into that area are flat
- prone to fracture
- could cut the artery that runs underneath it

Question 7

What is the highest part of the skull?

Answer 7

vertex

Question 8

What is the lowest part of the neurocranium/skull?

Answer 8

nasion

Question 9

What is the point on the cranium where frontonasal and internasal suture meet?

Answer 9

nasion (nose)

Question 10

What is the most prominent point of external occipital protuberance?

Answer 10

inion (back of head)

Question 11

What is the smooth prominence on the front bones superior to root of nose and is the most anterior projecting part of forehead?

Answer 11

glabella

Question 12

What is the star shaped junction of three sutures (parietomastoid, occipitomastoid, and lamboid)?

Answer 12

asterion

Question 13

What is the point on calvaria at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures?

Answer 13

bregma

Question 14

What is the point on calvaria at the junction of lambdoid and sagittal sutures?

Answer 14

lambda

Question 15

What is the junction of greater wing of sphenoid, squamous temporal, frontal, and parieetal bones?

Answer 15

pterion

Question 16

What is the superior point of neurocranium in the middle of the anatomical plane?

Answer 16

vertex

Question 17

What cranial nerve passes thrugh the stylomastoid foramen?

Answer 17

CN 7 (facial nerve)

Question 18

What goes through the mastoid foramen?

Answer 18

mastoid emmisary vein
- clinical relevant since infection can spread this way

Question 19

What are the three trigeminal branches (V1-V3)?

Answer 19

ophthalmic (V1)
maxillary (V2)
mandibular (V3)

Question 20

Where do the three branches of the trigeminal nerve go through?

Answer 20

ophthalmic (V1) - superior orbital fissure
maxillary (V2) - foramen rotundum
mandibular (V3)- foramen ovale

Question 21

What goes through the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina?

Answer 21

ethmoidal nerves and arteries

Question 22

What are the foramina of the anterior cranium?

Answer 22

• foramen cecum
• cribiform foramina in cribiform plate
• anterior/posterior ethmoidal foramina

Question 23

What are the foramina of the middle cranium?

Answer 23

• optic canals
• superior orbital fissure
• foramen rotundum
• foramen ovale
• foramen spinosum
• foramen lacerum
• groove or hiatus of greater petrosal nerve

Question 24

What are the foramina of the posterior cranium?

Answer 24

• foramen magnum
• jugular foramen
• hypoglossal canal
• condylar canal
• mastoid foramen

Question 25

What goes through the foramen cecum?

Answer 25

nasal emissary vein

Question 26

What goes through the cribiform foramina in cribiform plate?

Answer 26

axons of olfactory cells

Question 27

What goes through the anterior/posterior ethmoidal foramina?

Answer 27

vessels and nerves with the same name (ethmoid)

Question 28

What goes through the optic canals?

Answer 28

optic nerves (CN 2)
optic arteries

Question 29

What goes through the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 29

ophthalmic veins
ophthalmic nerve (part of trigeminal)
Oculomotor nerve (CN 3)
Trochlear nerve (CN 4)
Abducens nerve (CN 6)
sympathetic fibers
CN V1

Question 30

What goes through the foramen rotundum?

Answer 30

maxillary nerve (part of trigeminal)

Question 31

What goes through the foramen ovale?

Answer 31

mandibular nerve (part of trigeminal)
accessory meningeal artery

Question 32

What goes through the foramen spinosum?

Answer 32

middle menigeal artery and vein
meningeal branch of CN 5

Question 33

What goes through the foramen lacerum?

Answer 33

deep petrosal nerve
some menigeal arteries and veins

Question 34

What goes through the groove of greater petrosal nerve?

Answer 34

greater petrosal nerve
petrosal branch of middle menigeal artery

Question 35

What goes through the foramen magnum?

Answer 35

medulla
meninges
vertebral arteries
Accessory nerve (CN 11)
dural veins
anterior/posterior spinal arteries

Question 36

What goes through the jugular foramen?

Answer 36

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN 9)
Vagus nerve (CN 10)
Accessory nerve (CN 11)
- superior buld of internal jugular vein
- inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses
- menigeal branches of ascending pharygeal and occiptal arteries

Question 37

What goes through the hypoglossal canal?

Answer 37

Hypoglossal nerve (CN 12)

Question 38

What goes through the condylar canal?

Answer 38

Emissary vein

Question 39

What goes through the mastoid foramen?

Answer 39

mastoid emissary vein
menigeal branch of occipital artery

Question 40

What is the red?

Answer 40

optic nerve (2)

Question 41

What is the orange?

Answer 41

Oculomotor (3)

Question 42

What is the yellow?

Answer 42

Trigeminal (5)

Question 43

What is the green?

Answer 43

Facial (7)
Vestibulocochlar (8)

Question 44

What is the blue?

Answer 44

spinal accessory (11)

Question 45

What is the purple

Answer 45

abducent (6)