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ORTHODONTICS > LEC 1 > Flashcards

LEC 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What do you mean by prenatal?

A

“before birth”

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2
Q

What are the 3 Periods:

A
  1. Period of Ovum (fertilization - 14th day)
  2. Period of Embryo (14th-56th day)
  3. Period of Fetus (56th day 270th/birth)
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3
Q

What period: fertilization - 14th day

A

Period of Ovum

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4
Q

What period: (14th-56th day)

A

Period of Embryo

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5
Q

What period: 56th day-270th/birth

A

Period of Fetus

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6
Q

An attachment to the uterine wall

A

Cleavage of the ovum

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7
Q

By the end of this period - 1.5 mm in length is observed.

A

Period of the Ovum

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8
Q

By the end of Period of the Ovum, how much length is observed?

A

1.5mm

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9
Q

When the sperm meets the egg, and they develop
together, a cleavage of ovum forms and attaches
itself to the uterine wall.

A

Period of the Ovum

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10
Q

21 days after conception

A

Period of the Embryo

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11
Q

3 mm in length and head begins to take shape.

A

Period of the Embryo

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12
Q

Head is made up of prosencephalon.

A

Period of the Embryo

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13
Q

On the Period of the Embryo, the head is made up of ____?

A

Prosencephalon

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14
Q

At that time, before connection exists between
oral cavity and foregut, the head is primarily made
up of prosencephalon.

A

Period of the Embryo

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15
Q

It is the most rostral part of the CNS, this is during Period of the Embryo.

A

Prosencephalon

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16
Q

Inferior portion of prosencephalon frontal prominence which overhangs the developing oral groove.

A

Period of the Embryo

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17
Q

Many facial components: ears, parts of nose, jaw, teeth, salivary glands arise from the pharyngeal portions of the foregut among others.

A

Period of the Embryo

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18
Q

Face develops from tissues surrounding the oral pit.

A

Facial Development at 4-7th week

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19
Q

Covering the brain, from which develops
the forehead

A

Frontal Process

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20
Q

Development of the lateral to the oral pit (LR) - cheeks

A

Maxillary processes

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21
Q

Development below the oral pit to lower jaw

A

Mandibular arch

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22
Q

Also the 2nd pharyngeal arch

A

Hyoid arch

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23
Q

Lying inferior to mandibular arch, its muscle
expands into and contribute to the face.

A

Hyoid arch

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24
Q

It also forms the external & middle ear.

A

Hyoid arch

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25
Q

Evident below the pit and on the sides
of the neck

A

Pharyngeal Arches (4th week)

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26
Q

Processes of the brain bulge forward & laterally to
dominate the facial area.

A

Frontal Process (4th week)

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27
Q

Below the frontal processes are 2 small wedge-shaped tissues termed as:

A

Maxillary Process

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28
Q

It lies lateral to the oral pit.

A

Maxillary Process

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29
Q

It is beneath maxillary processes

A

Mandibular Arch

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30
Q

Divided or constricted in the middle

A

Mandibular Arch

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31
Q

Heart begins to grow fast and is beginning to pump blood throughout the body.

A

Period of Embryo

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32
Q

It begins to grow fast and is beginning to pump blood throughout the body.

A

Heart

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33
Q

Fastest growing organ

A

Heart

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34
Q

4th week: pumps blood

A

Heart (Period of the Embryo)

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35
Q

Environmental factors play an important role in facial and palatal malformations. The period before the fifth week is the critical time during which these factors can affect facial development.

A. 1st Statement is true, and 2nd Statement is false.
B. 2nd Statement is false, and 1st Statement is true.
C. Both statements are True
D. Both Statements are False
E. Neither

A

C. Both statements are True

36
Q

During the fifth week, the bilateral nasal placodes, or thickened areas of epithelium appear in the upper border of the lip. As the tissues around those placodes grow - resulting into 2 slits opening into the oral pit.

A. 1st Statement is true, and 2nd Statement is false.
B. 2nd Statement is false, and 1st Statement is true.
C. Both statements are True
D. Both Statements are False
E. Neither

A

C. Both statements are True

37
Q

What period when frontal area becomes known as “frontal-nasal processes”

A

Period of Embryo (5th week)

38
Q

During the Period of Embryo at 5th week, What area becomes known as frontonasal processes.

A

Frontal area

39
Q

During the Period of Embryo at 5th week, deepened as the area around them continue to
grow anteriorly.

A

Nostrils

40
Q

The distance between nostrils

A

Internasal Area

41
Q

It is the width of the face

A

Internasal Area

42
Q

Frontal prominence diminishes, and the face
broadens.

A

Period of Embryo (5th week)

43
Q

This become prominent as well on the sides of head.

A

Eyes

44
Q

Loses its midline constriction.

A

Mandibular Arch

45
Q

Lateral parts of the face expand, broadening face - caused by the lateral growth of the brain.

A

Period of the Embryo (6th Week)

46
Q

Lateral parts of the face expand, broadening face - caused by the ____.

A

Lateral growth of the brain

47
Q

front of the face

A

Eyes and maxillary processes

48
Q

To the point that which the maxillary & your mandibular tissues emerge.

A

Mouth slit widens (6th Week)

49
Q

The nasal processes are limited to the middle of the upper lip = face looks more human

A

Period of the Embryo (6th Week)

50
Q

Are limited to the middle of the upper lip = face looks more human

A

The nasal processes

51
Q

Nasal processes and two maxillary segments

A

Upper Lip

52
Q

lateral to pit

A

Lateral nasal process

53
Q

Philtrum

A

Upperlip/Medial nasal process

54
Q

Medial to pits

A

Medial nasal process

55
Q

two maxillary processes and the medial third
is the medial nasal

A

Border of Lip

56
Q

failure of fusion of medial nasal and max process.

A

Cleft Lip

57
Q

This period is important during pregnancy.

A

Cleft lip (6th week)

58
Q

zone of fusion

A

Nasal Fin

59
Q

It continue behind the nasal fin to open into the roof of the mouth at 6 weeks.

A

The Nasal Pits

60
Q

It grows around the oral pit

A

Orbicularis Oris Muscle

61
Q

Oblique groove from the nostrils to the eyes

A

Oronasal optic groove

62
Q

This is the tissue beneath the oronasal optic groove

A

Nasolacrimal duct develops

63
Q

auditory tube

A

1st pharyngeal groove

64
Q

More human appearance

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

65
Q

A third of the face added lateral to reach nostril.

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

66
Q

philtrum

A

Upper lip (Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

67
Q

The upper lip has fused, producing a ____.

A

Medially located philtrum (Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

68
Q

Ears are formed

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

69
Q

Eyelids develop

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

70
Q

A third of the face has been added lateral to each nostril.

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

71
Q

The mouth is limited in size with the change in facial proportions.

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

72
Q

The danger of cleft lip has passed.

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

73
Q

The medial & nasal processes have emerged in this
period.

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

74
Q

Auricles of the ear have developed as well.

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

75
Q

The ear hillocks have fused and grown to form the ears (auricles).

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

76
Q

The ridges around the eyes will soon develop
into eyelids

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

77
Q

Because the face develops on the surface of the brain, defects of the anterior brain may result in developmental alteration of the facial form.

A

Period of the Embryo (7th Week)

78
Q

8th - 12th week fetus triples its length, from 20 to 60 mm

A

Period of Fetus

79
Q

Eyelids and nostrils form and close

A

Period of Fetus

80
Q

Relatively increase in Mandibular size

A

Period of Fetus

81
Q

Anteroposterior maxillomandibular relationship -
aprons that of newborn infant

A

Period of Fetus

82
Q

aprons that of newborn infant

A

Anteroposterior maxillomandibular relationship

83
Q

Increase in size and change in proportions.

A

Period of Fetus

84
Q

Great changes have taken place in the facial structures

A

Period of Fetus

85
Q

But the changes seen in the last 2 trimester of intrauterine life are largely just increase in size & change in proportions.

A

Period of Fetus

ORTHODONTICS (1 decks)

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