LEC 1

Question 1

what do drugs interact with

Answer 1

receptors

Question 2

what does pharmacodynamics deal with

Answer 2

interaction bw drug and receptor

Question 3

what does pharmacokinetics deal with

Answer 3

how body deals w drug

Question 4

how does body deal with drugs (4)

Answer 4

1. absorb
2. distribute
3. metabolize
4. eliminate

Question 5

what determines how much drug interacts w receptor

Answer 5

pharmacokinetics

Question 6

TERFENADINE what was drug used to treat

Answer 6

allergy

Question 7

TERFENADINE what is H1 receptor

Answer 7

histamine receptor

Question 8

TERFENADINE what happens when terfenadine absorbed

Answer 8

1. absorbed by liver

2. metabolized into fexofenadine

Question 9

TERFENADINE what kind of drug is terfenadine

Answer 9

pro drug

Question 10

TERFENADINE what kind of drug is fexofenadine

Answer 10

active drug

Question 11

what are receptors

Answer 11

molecular drug targets

Question 12

what is pro drug

Answer 12

• compound that is not intrinsically active

- compound that needs to be metabolized to become active

Question 13

what are 2 ways drug can be altered

Answer 13

1. activated

2. inactivated

Question 14

how does drug activation / inactivation happen

Answer 14

distinct from drugs actions on its target receptors

Question 15

what is drug activation / inactivation related to

Answer 15

pharmacokinetics

Question 16

what does it mean if terfenadine unprocessed (2)

Answer 16

• un metabolized

- inactive

Question 17

what happens when there are significant amounts of unprocessed terfenadine

Answer 17

acts undesired targets

Question 18

what are 2 possibilities for off-target receptors

Answer 18

1. closely related

2. completely un related

Question 19

what are adverse events

Answer 19

• undesirable drug effects / side effects that vary in severity

Question 20

what are on target effect

Answer 20

• adverse event related to mechanism of action of drug

Question 21

what are off target effect

Answer 21

• adverse event unrelated to mechanism of action of drug

Question 22

what would be on target effect

Answer 22

• adverse event that arises from antagonism of desired target

Question 23

what would be off target effect

Answer 23

• adverse event that arises from antagonism of undesired target

Question 24

why do off target effects happen

Answer 24

• extrinsic ==>substances inhibit terfenadine metabolism

- intrinsic ==>mutations in genes encode for ion channels that are susceptible to unprocessed terfenadine

Question 25

what is the function of CYP34A enzyme

Answer 25

metabolize terfenadine in liver

Question 26

what can inhibit CYP34A (3)

Answer 26

1. antibiotics
2. anti fungals
3. components of grape fruit juice

Question 27

what happens when CYP34A inhibited

Answer 27

increase amount of unprocessed terfenadine

Question 28

what does it mean for ion channels to be more susceptible

Answer 28

small amount of unprocessed terfenadine enough to cause lethal cardiac arrhythmia

Question 29

what is influence of terfenadine on heart (undesired target)

Answer 29

block ion channels that control electrical activity + heart beat

Question 30

what does blocking ion channels result in

Answer 30

lethal cardiac arrhythmia

Question 31

what is solution

Answer 31

administer fexofenadine

Question 32

what does pharmacogenomics refer to

Answer 32

how genetics affects how we respond to drug

Question 33

what is drug interaction

Answer 33

one drug adversely affects response to another drug