Lec 07: Alternative and Traditional Medicine

Question 1

It is the sum total of knowledge, skills and practices based on the theories, beliefs and experiences indigenous to different cultures that are used to maintain health, as well as to prevent, diagnose, improve or treat physical and mental illnesses.

Answer 1

Traditional Medicine

Question 2

Health care practices not currently considered an integral part of conventional medicine.

Answer 2

Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)

Question 3

COMPLEMENTARY or ALTERNATIVE Medicine: It is used in addition to conventional treatments.

Answer 3

COMPLEMENTARY

Question 4

COMPLEMENTARY or ALTERNATIVE Medicine: used instead of conventional treatment.

Answer 4

ALTERNATIVE

Question 5

TRUE or FALSE: WHO and its Member States promotes the use of traditional medicine for health care.

Answer 5

TRUE.

The collaboration aims to:

1. Support and integrate traditional medicine into national health systems in combination with national policy and regulation for products, practices and providers to ensure safety and quality;
2. Ensure the use of safe, effective and quality products and practices, based on available evidence;
3. Acknowledge traditional medicine as part of primary health care, to increase access to care and preserve knowledge and resources; and
4. Ensure patient safety by upgrading the skills and knowledge of traditional medicine providers

Question 6

TRUE or FALSE: The Philippines has policies that support and regulate alternative medicine.

Answer 6

FALSE. The Philippines has policies within the TAMA Law but NONE THAT REGULATE THEM.

• Though, there is a movement for licensure for acupuncturists.
• TAMA: The Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act of 1997.

Question 7

According to traditional Chinese medicine, a vital energy or life-force called qi, circulates in the body through a system of pathways called:

Answer 7

MERIDIANS =))

Question 8

Traditional Chinese medicine is rooted in the ancient philosophy of:

Answer 8

TAOISM. - dates back more than 5,000 years.

Question 9

A cone or stick of dried herb or mugwort placed on or near the skin, sometimes in conjunction with acupuncture.

Answer 9

Burning moxa. (Done in MOXIBUSTION)

Question 10

In the practice of acupuncture, the body has how many major energy channels?

Answer 10

14

Question 11

Traditional Chinese Medical practice wherein a heated cup is applied to the skin to create a slight suction.

Answer 11

CUPPING

Question 12

[Traditional Chinese Medicine] Identifies hundreds of medicinal substances, plants, but also some minerals and animal products, classified by their action in the body

Answer 12

Chinese material medica

Question 13

Evolved in India, considered to be the world’s oldest healthcare system.

Answer 13

Ayurvedic Medicine

• Therapy includes following its dietary principles, practicing traditional or “grandma’s medicine,” or seeking professional help from trained Ayurvedic practitioners.

Question 14

This Sanskrit word means “the science of life”

Answer 14

Ayurveda

Question 15

The 3 components of Ayurvedic Medicine are:

Answer 15

1. PITTA: fire; energy of transformation
2. KAPHA: peaceful; for building
3. VATA: movement; quick, cool & dry

Question 16

Medical system with treatment modalities including performing adjustments, nutritional and lifestyle counseling, physical rehabilitation therapy & focuses on the musculoskeletal system.

Answer 16

Chiropractic Medicine

Question 17

The 4 phases of intervertebral disc injury according to Chiropractic Medicine:

Answer 17

Phase 1: loss of curvature
Phase 2: change shape
Phase 3: dehydrated and deformed
Phase 4: death; nerves cannot go through anymore

Question 18

The use of essential oils from plants to enhance general health and appearance (rubbed or inhaled)

Answer 18

AROMATHERAPY

• The term was coined by its originator, the French chemist Rene-Maurice Gattefosse

Question 19

In aromatherapy, its oil produces a calming effect:

a. Eucalyptus
b. Camomile
c. Geranium
d. Virgin Coconut

Answer 19

b. Camomile
* Ten most useful oils in aromatherapy and their proposed effects:

Camomile - Calming
Eucalyptus - Antiseptic
Geranium - Mildly astringent
Jasmine - Anti-depressant
Majoram - Mildy Analgesic
Neroli - Mildly-Sedative
Rose - Antiseptic
Rosemary - Mild Stimulant
Sandalwood - Antiseptic

Question 20

In aromatherapy, its oil produces an antiseptic effect:

a. Eucalyptus
b. Rose
c. Sandalwood
d. NOTA
e. AOTA

Answer 20

e. AOTA
* Ten most useful oils in aromatherapy and their proposed effects:

Camomile - Calming
Eucalyptus - Antiseptic
Geranium - Mildly astringent
Jasmine - Anti-depressant
Majoram - Mildy Analgesic
Neroli - Mildly-Sedative
Rose - Antiseptic
Rosemary - Mild Stimulant
Sandalwood - Antiseptic

Question 21

System of Medicine developed about 200 years ago by S. Hahnemann based on the “like cures like” principle, often using extremely high dilutions.

Answer 21

HOMEOPATHY

Question 22

Form of cognitive information processing using suspension of peripheral awareness aimed at apparently involving changes in perception, memory, mood, and psychology.

Answer 22

HYPNOTHERAPY

Question 23

Manual techniques of rubbing, stroking, tapping or kneading the body with a view of treating physical or emotional conditions.

Answer 23

MASSAGE

Question 24

Use of manual pressure to specific areas (typically on the sole of the foot) thought to be related to inner organs.

Answer 24

REFLEXOLOGY

Question 25

To be defined as a Traditionally Used Herbal Product or Supplement, preparations from plant materials whose claimed
application is/are based only on experience of long usage, should be, as documented in medical, historical and ethnological literature, in use for at least how many years?

Answer 25

at least 5 or more decades.

Question 26

Evidence of safety and efficacy, according to the PhilFDA AO 172 2004, must include these stages:

Answer 26

1. Pre clinical – Acute LD50
2. Pharmacological effects both in vivo and in vitro
3. Bioassay
4. Non-mutagenicity: Ames test and micronucleus test
5. Sub-chronic and chronic toxicity
6. Clinical—for galenicals—Phase 1 trials

*For dosage forms: Phase 1, 2, 3 trials

Question 27

Herbal medicines developed by NIRPROMP include:

a. Sambong
b. Lagundi
c. Ampalaya
d. AOTA

Answer 27

d. AOTA

Herbal medicines developed by the National Integrated Research Program on Medicinal Plants

• Lagundi
• Sambong
• Ampalaya
• Akapulko
• Yerba Buena
• Tsaang gubat

Question 28

Which of the following are used for/as bronchial smooth muscle relaxation, antihistamine, anti-leukotriene, and anti-inflammatory?

a. Sambong
b. Akapulko
c. Lagundi
d. AOTA
e. b&c

Answer 28

e. b&c

Akapulko aka Ringworm bush

Lagundi ala Five-leaf chaste tree
- for relief of cough due to common colds, flu, and mild to moderate acute bronchitis (non bacterial origin);

• for relief of reversible mild to moderate bronchospasm in >2 years old with obstructive airway disease such as asthma
  (controller and reliever)

Question 29

Which of the following are used for diuresis, edema & kidney stones?

a. Sambong
b. Akapulko
c. Lagundi
d. AOTA
e. b&c

Answer 29

a. Sambong (aka camphor/blue camphor)

Question 30

Which of the following are used for topical application in the treatment of fungus infection caused by common dermatophytes?

a. Sambong
b. Akapulko
c. Lagundi
d. AOTA
e. b&c

Answer 30

b. Akapulko (Casia alata Linn)

Question 31

Which of the following are used as anti-spasmodic?

a. Lagundi
b. Sambong
c. Tsaang Gubat
d. Akapulko

Answer 31

c. Tsaang Gubat

Question 32

Which of the following are used as/for anti-urolithiasis?

a. Lagundi
b. Sambong
c. Tsaang Gubat
d. Akapulko

Answer 32

b. Sambong (Blumea balsamifera L)