Lec 04: Pathology of the Stomach Flashcards
ID: What is the basis of classification of gastritis?
type of inflammatory cells
not duration of gastritis
The presence of neutrophils and lymphocytes indicates what type of gastritis?
A. acute B. chronic C. chronic active D. acute on chronic E. NOTA
C & D
chronic active / acute on chronic
(they are the same)
ID: What is the common underlying pathology of the various types of acute gastritis?
poor vascular perfusion
Which of the following are gross features of acute gastritis?
A. edematous B. boggy C. with punctate hemorrhages D. A & B only E. AOTA
E. AOTA
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of acute gastritis
A. disruption of the mucus layer B. direct injury to mucosal cells C. decreased acid B. decreased bicarbonate E. NOTA
C.
There is INCREASE in acid with back diffusion.
ID: What are the resultant hallmarks of chronic gastritis?
atrophy & intestinal metaplasia
ID: What are the resultant hallmarks of chronic gastritis?
atrophy & intestinal metaplasia
ID: What two neoplasms are associated with Helicobacter pylori gastritis?
gastric lymphoma
gastric adenocarcinoma
Which of the following H. pylori virulence factors causes an increase in gastric pH through ammonia production?
A. flagella B. urease C. adhesin D. CagA toxin E. C & D only
B. urease
This generates ammonia.
In autoimmune gastritis, antibodies are directed against what gastric components?
A. intrinsic factor B. parietal cells C. chief cells D. A & B only E. A & C only
D. A & B only
parietal cells & intrinsic factor
ID: This is a serious complication of decreased intrinsic factor.
megaloblastic anemia
due to vitamin B12 deficiency
T/F: Gastrin production is increased in autoimmune gastritis.
T
ID: This part of the GIT is where acid concentration from the stomach is highest.
1st part of the duodenum
ID: This part of the GIT is where acid concentration from the stomach is highest.
1st part of the duodenum
The following are mucosal defenses against peptic ulcer disease EXCEPT
A. mucus B. bicarbonate C. prostaglandin E2 D. acid E. NOTA
D. acid
In Menetrier disease, there is increase secretion of what substance?
A. TGF-A B. TNF C. FGF D. VEGF E. IGF-1
A. TGF-A
transforming growth factor alpha
ID: What is the microscopic feature of Menetrier disease?
hyperplasia of foveolar cells
ID: What is the cause of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?
gastrinoma / gastrin-secreting tumor
The risk of gastric adenocarcinoma developing in a gastric adenoma increases significantly if the lesion is greater than
A. 1 cm B. 2 cm C. 3 cm D. 4 cm E. size does not matter but rather depth
B. 2 cm
Option E is true for carcinomas.
True of gastric adenocarcinoma EXCEPT
A. most common gastric malignancy B. common in Japan and Korea C. related to H. pylori D. overall incidence is increasing E. NOTA
D.
Overall incidence is decreasing.
True of gastric adenocarcinoma EXCEPT
A. most common gastric malignancy B. common in Japan and Korea C. related to H. pylori D. overall incidence is increasing E. NOTA
D.
Overall incidence is decreasing.
Enumerate three risk factor of gastric adenocarcinoma
nitrites (preserved meat), smoked meat, cured foods
Helicobacter pylori
smoking
autoimmune gastritis with intestinal metaplasia
epithelial dysplasia
Barrett’s esophagus
ID: This is a diffuse rugal flattening with a rigid, thickened wall that imparts a leathery appearance to the adenocarcinoma.
linitis plastica
Which of the following is/are characteristic of the diffuse type of adenocarcinoma?
A. older patients B. no associated risk factors C. preceded by epithelial dysplasia D. A & B only E. AOTA
B.
The other two are features of INTESTINAL type.
ID: This is a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma that metastasized to the ovary.
Krukenberg tumor
True of gastric lymphoma EXCEPT
A. involves mucosa-associated lymph tissues
B. can be cured by antibiotic in the early stages
C. most common cause is H. pylori infection
D. A & B only
E. AOTA
E. AOTA
ID: This is the immunostain for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).
CD117
ID: This drug discovered in 2000 is now used for targeted chemotherapy of GIST.
Imatinib (Gleevec)
