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[OS 214 G1] Carlos Cluster > Lec 02: Congenital Anomalies of the GI Tract > Flashcards

Lec 02: Congenital Anomalies of the GI Tract Flashcards

1
Q

When do lower respiratory organs begin to develop?

A

4 weeks

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2
Q

When is the final relative length of the esophagus reached?

A

7 weeks

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3
Q

Deviation of the tracheoesophageal septum posteriorly

A

Esophageal atresia

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4
Q

incomplete division of the cranial part of the foregut into respiratory and esophageal parts during the 4th week of life

A

tracheoesophageal fistula

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5
Q

condition commonly associated with EA

A

imperforate anus

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6
Q

failure to pass a nasogastric tube of ___cm is diagnostic of EA

A

10cm

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7
Q

What is the meaning of VACTERL association?

A

vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheoesophageal, renal, limb

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8
Q

What is the meaning of VACTERL association?

A

vertebral, anal, cardiac, tracheoesophageal, renal, limb

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9
Q

What is the meaning of CHARGE syndrome?

A

coloboma, heart defects, atresia of choanae, renal anomalies, retardation of growth and development, genital anomalies, ear anomalies

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10
Q

Most common type of TEF?

A

EA with distal TEF

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11
Q

Type of EA that presents with scaphoid abdomen since GIT is devoid of air. Absence of air below diaphragm is pathognomonic

A

Isolated EA

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12
Q

Triad of isolated TEF without EA

A
  1. Choking when feeding
  2. gaseous distension of bowel
  3. recurrent aspiration pneumonia
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13
Q

(Prone/Supine) position is preferred to minimize movement of gastric contents

A

prone position

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14
Q

According to Spitz Prognostic classification, what class has birth weight

A

Class III

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15
Q

What is the radiologic sign of duodenal atresia?

A

double bubble sign

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16
Q

What is the radiologic sign of duodenal atresia?

A

double bubble sign

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17
Q

Where in the duodenum is the ampulla located?

A

2nd part

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18
Q

2 theories for choledochal cysts

A
  1. Reflux of pancreatic enzymes to CBD due to anomaly of pancreaticobuliary junction
  2. obstruction of distal CBD
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19
Q

2 theories for choledochal cysts

A
  1. Reflux of pancreatic enzymes to CBD due to anomaly of pancreaticobuliary junction
  2. obstruction of distal CBD
20
Q

Most common type of choledochal cysts. Dilatation before the cystic duct.

A

Type I

21
Q

Saccular or diverticular choledochal cyst.

A

Type II

22
Q

Choledochal cyst within wall of duodenum or arise from intraduodeal portion of CBD

A

Type III

23
Q

Choledochal cyst within wall of duodenum or arise from intraduodeal portion of CBD

A

Type III

24
Q

Choledochal cyst with multiple dilations in the extrahepatic AND intrahepatic ducts

A

Type IVA

25
Q

Choledochal cyst with multiple dilations in the extrahepatic ducts only

A

Type IVB

26
Q

Choledochal cyst with multiple dilations in the intrahepatic ducts only

A

Type V or Caroli’s disease

27
Q

Most common type of abnormality in rotation

A

incomplete rotation

28
Q

In malrotation with volvolus, the body attempts to fix the cecum to the abdominal wall by creating bands of tissue known as?

A

Ladd’s bands

29
Q

Failure of differentiation of embryonic mesenchyme of lateral folds

A

Gastroschisis

30
Q

Umbilical cord is usually to the (left/right) of the gastroschisis

A

left

31
Q

failure of development of lateral folds

A

omphalocoele

32
Q

Features of pentalogy of Cantrell

A
  1. Midline supraumbilical abdominal wall defects
  2. Anterior diaphragmatic hernia
  3. sternal cleft
  4. ectopia cordis
  5. cardiac anomaly ie. VSD
33
Q

Most common abnormality associated with abdominal wall defects

A

Edward-Patau syndrome

34
Q

Golden period for gastroschisis

A

6 hours

35
Q

Golden period of omphalocoele

A

12 hours

36
Q

Golden period of exstrophy

A

24 hours

37
Q

Golden period of exstrophy

A

24 hours

38
Q

Type of intestinal atresia. Mucosal atresia with intact bowel wall and mesentery.

A

Type I

39
Q

Type of intestinal atresia. Separated by V-shaped mesenteric effect.

A

Type IIIA

40
Q

Type of intestinal atresia. Blind ends separated by a fibrous cord.

A

Type II

41
Q

Type of intestinal atresia. Apple peel atresia

A

Type IIIB

42
Q

Type of intestinal atresia. Multiple atresias.

A

Type IV

43
Q

Type of anorectal malformation. More common in males.

A

High

44
Q

Type of anorectal malformation. Below pubococcygeus muscle.

A

Low

45
Q

Type of anorectal malformation. Female with 2 holes with passage of meconium

A

High

46
Q

Type of anorectal malformation. Male with meconium in urine

A

High

47
Q

Most common congenital anomaly of GIT

A

Hirschprung Disease

[OS 214 G1] Carlos Cluster (3 decks)

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