Learning Theory

Question 1

Suggests behaviour is learnt through association

Answer 1

Classical Conditioning

Question 2

Suggests behaviour is learnt through reward and punishment

Answer 2

Operant Conditioning

Question 3

Introduced classical conditioning

Answer 3

Pavlov

Question 4

How does the classical conditioning work (in relation to stimulus and response)?

Answer 4

Unconditioned stimulus > Unconditioned response
Unconditioned Stimulus + Neutral Stimulus > Unconditioned response
Conditioned stimulus > Conditioned response

Question 5

How does operant conditioning work?

Answer 5

If rewarded for behaviour, it will become positively reinforced and more likely to be repeated
If punished for behaviour, it will become negatively reinforced and less likely to be repeated

Question 6

Example of operant conditioning?

Answer 6

Skinner’s box - chamber for small animals including a trigger to press which releases a reward, animals learn to press the trigger to get the reward

Question 7

AO2 supporting studies

Answer 7

Pavlov, Skinner

Question 8

AO2 contradicting study

Answer 8

Harlow’s monkeys