Learning Theories Flashcards
What is classical conditioning ?
Process of learning through association
What is operant conditioning
Learning through consequence
What is positive reinforcement
Desired behaviour is rewarded with something pleasant
What is negative reinforcement
Something unpleasant is taken away for showing a desired behaviour
What is positive punishment
Something undesired is given as punishment for bad behaviour
What is negative punishment
Something pleasant is taken away for bad behaviour
What does Social Learning Theory state?
That people and animals observe what others do and copy their behaviour
4 stages of Social Learning Theory
Attention
Retention
Reproduction
Motivation
Who came up with Social Learning Theory
Bandura
Aim of Banduras original bobo doll experiment
To see if children exposed to an aggressive model would later reproduce aggressive acts
Total number of pps in banduras original study
72
One results from banduras original study
1/3 of the children who observed the aggressive model immitated the models behaviour
2 treatments of phobias
Systematic desensitisation
Flooding
Learning theories key question
Is the influence of role models and celebrities somethjng that causes anorexia ?
Aim of learning theories practical
To investigate whether there is a difference between gender and the type and appearance of car driven
Example of classical conditioning
Pavlovs dog
Example of operant conditioning
Skinners box
Classic study of learning theories
Watson and Raynor (Little Albert)
Contemporary study for learning theories
Becker (EAT-26)
3 variations of banduras experiments
Original
Through film
Vicarious reinforcement
What happened in the 3 rooms of banduras original study
Room1) watched adult role models
Room2) toys in room not allowed to play with
Room3) observed playing with toys
What were the 3 experimental groups if banduras second experiment (imitation of film)
Real life aggression
Filmed aggression
Cartoon aggression
What hapoened in the 2 experimental conditions of banduras vicarious reinforcement study
Adult praised at end
Adult told off at end
Aim of Beckers contemporary study
To investigate the effect of tv on attitudes to eating behaviours on Fijian girls
