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SPCR104 > Learning Outcome 1 > Flashcards

Learning Outcome 1 Flashcards

1
Q

ARO

A

Antibiotic resistant organism

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2
Q

MRO

A

Multi-drug resistant organism

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3
Q

Asepsis

A

The absence of disease-causing microorganisms; infection free

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4
Q

Antiseptic

A

Slows down the processes of growth and reproduction but do not kill microbes

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5
Q

Bacteria

A

A type of microorganism that exists in our environment that can rapidly multiply, depending on type, may or may not cause disease. If does cause disease, may need to be treated with antibiotics

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6
Q

Barrier

A

A blockade placed between things; a process used to block the spread of microorganisms. For example, in the human body, the skin is a natural barrier to microorganisms

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7
Q

Carrier

A

A person or animal who has no signs of illness but who has microbes (germs) on or in the body which can be spread to others and make them ill with the disease

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8
Q

Chain of infection

A

The cycle of pathogen transmission

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9
Q

Clean technique

A

practices that reduce the number of pathogens and prevent their spread; also known as medical asepsis.

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10
Q

Communicable

A

Capable of being transferred from one person or place to another person or place; contagious

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11
Q

Contaminate

A

To be made unclean; unsterile; contain or be suspected of containing disease producing microbes

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12
Q

Contamination

A

Containing microbes; not clean

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13
Q

Cross-infection

A

Infection spread between individuals who are infected with different disease
producing microbes

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14
Q

Disinfectant

A

A chemical substance that kills microbes; used only for objects, not humans

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15
Q

Fungi

A

A type of microorganism that lives on plants and animals; yeasts and molds

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16
Q

Germ

A

Same as a microbe or microorganism

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17
Q

Germicide

A

A chemical substance or process that kills most microbes

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18
Q

Healthcare Associated Infection

A

An infection that you acquire while you are in a health care facility; HAI

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19
Q

Infection

A

The invasion of the body by a microbe that is capable of causing a disease when it reproduces and multiplies

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20
Q

Infection control

A

The use of procedures, techniques and actions to reduce the risk of spreading infections

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21
Q

Medical asepsis

A

Practices that reduce the number of pathogens and prevent their spread; clean technique

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22
Q

Means of transmission

A

The way an infection spreads

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23
Q

Microbe

A

Same as microorganism

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24
Q

Microorganism

A

A living matter (organism) too small (micro) to be seen except with a microscope; a tiny entity capable of carrying on life processes; various types exist in environment and may live in and on people

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25
Q

Non-pathogenic

A

Microorganisms not capable of producing disease

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26
Q

Normal flora

A

Microorganisms found on or in the human body that either serve no purpose or are helpful and necessary for the body to function. In their normal state, normal flora do not cause disease

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27
Q

Organism

A

Any living matter

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28
Q

Pathogen

A

Disease-causing microorganisms

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29
Q

Parasites

A

A type of microbe that requires a host to provide food and protection

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30
Q

Precaution technique

A

Protocols used to prevent transmission of contagious infective agents (microorganisms which are spread by droplet, air, or contact)

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31
Q

Re-infection

A

Persons who have had an infection previously become infected again

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32
Q

Sterile

A

Free of all microbes, pathogenic and non-pathogenic

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33
Q

Surgical asepsis

A

Practices that keep equipment and supplies free of all microbes; sterile technique

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34
Q

Unsterile

A

Contains microbes

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35
Q

Virus

A

A microorganism that is smaller than bacteria and requires living cells to multiply; cannot
live on their own and cannot be treated with antibiotics

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36
Q

Basics needs of microorganisms

A

Food, moisture, right temp, oxygen, and darkness

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37
Q

Direct contact

A

When a non-infected person comes in contact with an infected person

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38
Q

Indirect contact

A

Carried around the environment on things that have become contaminated

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39
Q

Air currents

A

Carry microbes through the environment

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40
Q

Dust particles

A

Some microbes cling to them

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41
Q

Droplets

A

Microbes that are released during ordinary speech

42
Q

Vehicle

A

What microbes need to travel from one person to another

43
Q

Animals and insects

A

Can carry disease-producing microbes on themselves

44
Q

Vector

A

Transmission from the reservoir host to the susceptible host through another organism like an insect, bird, or animal

45
Q

Portals of exit

A

The way the microbes leave the reservoir

46
Q

Portal of entry

A

The way the microbes enter the body

47
Q

Mode of transmission

A

The way the microbe travels from the portal of exit to the reservoir or host

48
Q

Susceptible host

A

Those who have never been exposed to the pathogen or have no immunity to it

49
Q

3 most common HAI’s

A

MRSA, VRE, C. Diff

50
Q

MRSA stands for

A

Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus

51
Q

MRSA lives

A

On the skin - in wounds or sputum

52
Q

MRSA affects

A

Heart, lungs, blood or bones

53
Q

How to prevent MRSA

A

Hand washing, wearing gloves and gown. Wearing a mask if coughing

54
Q

VRE stands for

A

Vancomycin resistant enterococcus

55
Q

VRE is located in

A

The intestines and female genitalia

56
Q

VRE affects

A

Urinary tract, blood and heart

57
Q

VRE is spread

A

Through feces of infected person

58
Q

VRE prevention

A

Contact precaution - gown, gloves, and hand washing

59
Q

C-diff stands for

A

Clostridium difficile

60
Q

C-diff signs

A

Diarrhea, cramps, anorexia, nausea, distinctive odour

61
Q

C-diff is spread by

A

Contact

62
Q

C-diff prevention

A

Wash hands with soap and water, gown and gloves

63
Q

Standard precaution

A

Interventions used to decrease the risk of spread of microorganisms from person to person

64
Q

7 standard precautions

A

Hand hygiene, wear gloves, wear PPE, avoid recapping used needles, clean blood spills, review room assignments, handle used patient care equipment that are soiled carefully

65
Q

When do you hand wash? (5)

A

Before and after procedures, after touching bodily fluids, between clients, removing ppe

66
Q

When do you wear gloves? (3)

A

In contact with blood and bodily fluids, you have an open area on hand, caring for a client on isolation precautions

67
Q

When do you wear PPE? (2)

A

Performing tasks you may be exposed with bodily fluids, working with clients on isolation precautions

68
Q

Recapping used needles

A

NEVER recap, place in disposable sharps

69
Q

Cleaning blood spills

A

Wear gloves, discard in waste container, clean area with disinfectant, face shield or goggles

70
Q

Review room assignments

A

Clients who may be infected should be in private rooms with ppe cart outside the room

71
Q

Contamination

A

Occur when pathogens are spread from one surface to another

72
Q

Natural protection from microorganisms

A

Intact skin, mucous membranes, and normal microbes

73
Q

Preferred way to clean hands

A

Soap and water

74
Q

When is hand washing required

A

Ungloved hands come in contact with bodily fluids, after peri-care, before and after interactions, after handling soiled items, after the bathroom, before and after you eat, before and after your shift

75
Q

Who standard precautions are used on

A

Everybody

76
Q

Additional measures are needed

A

When pathogen is known

77
Q

Contact precautions

A

Gloves and gown

78
Q

Droplet precautions

A

Mask, goggles, gown and gloves

79
Q

Contact/droplet plus precautions

A

Gowns, gloves, goggles, and N95

80
Q

Airborne precautions

A

Gowns, gloves, N95, and goggles

81
Q
  1. Wash Hands
  2. Gown
  3. Mask
  4. Goggles and/or Face Shield
  5. Gloves
A

Donning PPE

82
Q
  1. Gloves
  2. Sanitize hands
  3. Gown
  4. Sanitize hands
  5. Gloves on to take off Goggles/Face shield and disinfect
  6. Mask off and gloves off
  7. Wash hands
A

Doffing PPE

83
Q

Crucial to preventing injury to ourselves and others

A

Safe body mechanics

84
Q

Purpose of body mechanics

A

Provide safety, prevent muscle strain, maintain body alignment, and use your energy in the best way

85
Q

Set, anchor, face, ensure

A

SAFE stands for

86
Q

Neutral balance spine

A

When muscles of the back are in their normal position making them stronger

87
Q

Where to keep the person or object?

A

Close to your body

88
Q

The change of musculoskeletal strain or injury

A

Warm up exercises decrease

89
Q

The change of musculoskeletal strain or injury

A

Warm up exercises decrease

90
Q

Proper nutrition, physical activity and personal hygiene

A

What helps maintain intact skin?

91
Q

Skin breakdown

A

Opening or break in the skin surface

92
Q

How to check for a problem area

A

Push on the skin, if the blanches disappears its short-term redness

93
Q

Decubitus ulcer

A

Localized damage to the skin or underlying tissue over a bony prominence as a result of pressure or pressure and friction

94
Q

Pressure areas

A

Occur when there is a decreased blood supply to the skin cells

95
Q

Friction

A

Mechanical force of two surfaces rubbing together

96
Q

Back of head, shoulder blades, elbows, coccyx, sacrum and heels

A

Where would you check for redness for someone lying on their back

97
Q

Ear, shoulder, elbow, hip, lateral calf, lateral ankle

A

Where would you check for redness for someone lying on their side

98
Q

Shearing force

A

When the body slides down in bed or chair but the skin remains in contact with the surface causing damage or small blood vessels

99
Q

Shearing force

A

When the body slides down in bed or chair but the skin remains in contact with the surface causing damage or small blood vessels

100
Q

Factors that increase risk of skin breakdown

A

Immobility, age, reduced sensation, nutritional status, moisture, body weight, mechanical devices, altered mental functioning

SPCR104 (3 decks)

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