Learning Outcome 1 Flashcards
What does the skin of the grape provide to a winemaker?
Colour, tannins, flavours
What does the pulp of the grape provide to the winemaker?
Sugar, acids, water, flavours
What do the seeds and stems provide to the winemaker?
Tannins
What do vines require in order to grow?
Warmth, sunlight, water, nutrients, carbon dioxide
What are the stages of grape formation?
Flowering, fruit set, veraison
What are the stages of ripeness?
Unripe grapes, ripe grapes, extra ripe grapes (late harvest, raisined)
What general climatic factors influence a vineyard?
Cool, moderate or warm climate
What other climatic factors inflyence a vineyard?
Latitude, altitude, mountains, slope, aspect, soils, seas, rivers, air, fog, cloud, mist
What weather types influence a vineyard?
Drought, frost, hail, rain, sunlight, temperature
What options do wine makers have in the vineyard?
Training, pruning, irrigation, spraying, organic production, yield, harvest
What options do winemakers have in terms of impacting the concentration of sugars?
Extra ripe grapes, botrytis/noboe rot, frozen grapes
What are the GIs used un the EU?
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)
What GIs are used in France?
Appellation d’origine contrôlée (AOC), appellation d’origine protégée (AOP) Vin de Pays (VdP), indication géographique protégée (IGP)
What GIs are used in Italy?
Denominazione di Origine controllata e garantita (DOCG), denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) indicazione geographica tipica (IGT)
What GIs are used in Spain?
Denominación de Origen Calificada (DOCa), Denominación de Origen (DO), Vino de la Terra
