Learning (operant conditioning)

Question 1

What is operant conditioning?

Answer 1

A type of learning in which behavior becomes likely to recur if followed by a reinforcer or less likely to recur if followed by a punisher

Question 2

Classical conditioning VS operant conditioning:

Answer 2

Classical: Forms associations between STIMULI
Operant: Forms associations with ACTIONS AND CONSEQUENCES

Question 3

Edward Thorndike:

Answer 3

cats in puzzle box, law of effect

Question 4

Law of effect:

Answer 4

Rewarded behavior is likely to recur

Question 5

B.F. Skinner

Answer 5

Behaviorism’s most influential and controversial figure. Rats in box

Question 6

Define Shaping:

Answer 6

reinforcement guides behavior toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior. I.E. learning sports

Question 7

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 7

Increasing behaviors by presenting positive reinforcers. A positive reinforcers is any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response. (reward system)

Question 8

Negative reinforcement

Answer 8

REMOVE undesirable stimulus to increase behavior. I.E. Child cleans room (behavior), to stop mom nagging (stimuli)

Question 9

Positive vs Negative

Answer 9

Positive: ADDS
Negative: TAKE AWAY

Question 10

Reinforcement vs Punishment

Answer 10

Reinforcement: INCREASE behavior
Punishment: DECREASES behavior

Question 11

Punishment:

Answer 11

An event that decreases the behavior it follows

Question 12

Positive Punishment:

Answer 12

ADD undesirable stimulus to decrease behavior. I.E. getting a ticket to decrease speeding

Question 13

Negative Punishment:

Answer 13

REMOVE desirable stimuli to decrease behavior. I.E. Parents take away the child’s phone if the child is misbehaving.