Learning, Memory And Behaviour Flashcards
Outline declarative memory
Explicit memory
Episodic- memories of specific events
Semantic- knowledge of facts, can be derived from episodic memory
Outline non-declarative memories
Implicit memories
Procedural- Learned skills, how to do things
Priming- exposure to one stimulus influences a response to a subsequent stimulus
Classical conditioning- pairing of stimulus-response associations
Non-associative learning- habituation, sensitisation
Where is the hippocampus located
In the medial temporal lobes in primates
Outline the anatomy of the hippocampus
Surrounded by:
Inputs- structures in the parahippocampal gyrus (entorhinal cortex)
Outputs- fornix, entorhinalcortex
What is the synaptic circuitry of the hippocampus
A trisynaptic circuit
Connected by synaptic pathways:
-Schaffer collateral
-mossy fibre
-perforant
-commissural
What are the regions of the hippocampus
Fimbria
CA1
Subiculum
Entorhinal cortex
Dentate gyrus
CA3
Outline the outputs of the hippocampus
Fimbria- becomes continuous with the fornix
Fornix-connects the hippocampus to the mammillary bodies
Hippocampal commissure- hippocampal fibres cross between the two hippocampi
What is the cortico-hippocampal information flow
Information relayed to the hippocampus where associations formed
Information is relayed to primary sensory cortices-> association cortices-> parahippocampal cortices <-> entorhinal cortex <-> hippocampal formation
What is the parahippocampal cortex
Site of information convergence of cortical input
Information output from the hippocampus back to the parahippocampal cortex
What happens when there are lesions in the hippocampus
It impairs spatial memory
What does the blockage of NMDA receptors in the hippocampus do?
Impairs long-term potention (LTP) and blocks spatial memory of rats in the Morris water maze
Outline the effects of pharmacological inactivation of the hippocampus
Blocks the retrieval of existing spatial memories
What regions of the brain are important for visual recognition memory
Perirhinal cortex
Outline the perirhinal cortex
Located adjacent to the hippocampus in the medial temporal lobe
Directly and indirectly innervates the hippocampus
