Learning Intention 1 Flashcards
To know what DNA is and describe its structure
What are cells made of
non-living things, such as water, lipids and protein
What are genes
Section of DNA that codes for specific traits eg. Eye colour, skin colour etc.
What are alleles
different variations of the same gene
What does DNA stand for
deoxyribonucleic acid
What are the four nitrogen base pairs
adenine and thymine, cytosine and guanine
What’s another name for the double helix
sugar-phosphate backbone
Which nitrogen base pairs go together
A is always with T, and G is always with C
What links the sugar-phosphate together
primes
How is RNA different from DNA
RNA only has one strand but DNA has two strands
Smallest component of DNA
nucleotide
What are the bases held together with
hydrogen bonds
What makes up the nucleotides
phosphate, sugar and a nitrogen base
What are rungs
two nitrogen bases and a hydrogen bond
What do nitrogen bases contain
genetic information
Function of the sugar-phosphate backbone
creates structure and protects the bases
How are your features determined
by the order of the base letters
What are eukaryotic cells
cells that have a nucleus
Where is DNA found
in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
What is the double-helix
two anti-parallel strands
What is an amino acid made of
three nitrogen bases
Structure of DNA
-double helix
-hydrogen bonds
-phosphate-sugar backbone
-nitrogen bases
-primes
