learning goal 1 (case4)

Question 1

acidity

Answer 1

level of acid in a substances, ability of neurilizing acids, adding OH-

Question 2

alkalinity

Answer 2

level of base, ability of neutrilizing bases so adding H+

Question 3

strong acids

Answer 3

HCL, HNO3, H2SO4

Question 4

weak acids

Answer 4

CH3COOH, H2CO3

Question 5

strong basrs

Answer 5

NaOH, KOH

Question 6

wweak base

Answer 6

NH3

Question 7

buffer capacity

Answer 7

amount of strong acid or strong base that a buffer can neutrialize, without changing the buffer PH

Question 8

adding strong acid to a buffer

Answer 8

the base in the buffer neutralize the H3O+.

Question 9

buffer in blood

Answer 9

H2CO3 and HCO3-

Question 10

wwhen is the buffer so effective

Answer 10

Ph and pKA are around the same value, difference of 1 is maximum

Question 11

a buffer is

Answer 11

acid and its conugate base, base and its conjugate acid

Question 12

Ka

Answer 12

equilibrium constant for Acids, a stands for acids,
A (aq) + B (l) ↔ BH+ (aq) + A- (aq)
Ka= [BH+] [A-]/ [A]
[acid/HA]Ka/ [conjugate base/A-]= [H3O+]

Question 13

Kb

Answer 13

A (aq) + B (l) ↔ AH+ (aq) + B- (aq)Kb= [AH+] [B-]/ [A], also can be written as [base/HB]Kb / [conjugate acid/B-] = [OH-]

Question 14

the two kind of buffers. Acidic and basic=

Answer 14

amphoteric

Question 15

acidic buffer

Answer 15

mixing a large volume of a weak acid with its conjugate base

Question 16

basic buffer

Answer 16

mixing a large volume of weak base with its conjugate acid

Question 17

What are the buffers in the body

Answer 17

Blood and lungs, the major buffering agent is a mixture of H2CO3 (weak acid) and HCO3- (base)
Urine, the major buffering agent is a mixture of H2SO4 (acid) and PO4 3- (weak base)
- Interferior of red blood cells, this buffer system helps to maintain acidity in and around the cells. Hemoglobin makes an excellent buffer by binding to small amounts of acids in the blood, before they can alter the pH of the blood. Other proteins containing amino acid histidine are also good at buffering.
- Intracellular fluid, this is a protein buffer

Question 18

extracellular fluid buffer

Answer 18

H2O + CO2<>H2CO3 <> HCO3- + H+

Question 19

extracellular fluid buffer

Answer 19

Bicarbonate/ H2O + CO2<>H2CO3 <> HCO3- + H+
Inorganic phosphate/ H2PO4- <> H+ + HPO4 2-
Plasma protein (Pr)/ HPr <> H+ + Pr-

Question 20

bicarbonate buffer system function

Answer 20

mantain blood ph (7,35<>7,45)

Question 21

acidemia

Answer 21

below 6,8

Question 21

acidemia

Answer 21

below 6,8

Question 22

alkalimia

Answer 22

above 7,8

Question 23

carbonic andhydrase

Answer 23

co2+h2o> h2co3