learning from nature Flashcards
What do we mean by learning from nature in the context of detecting material of interest? (X5 topics)
chemical detection
infrared
electrical
magnetic
radiation
Explain how studying nature can aid the development of situational awareness sensing systems?
radically different ways of design and manufacturing of components and systems
What is the purpose of a conceptual model?
provides an overview of how different areas of learning from nature overlap
Describe the 10 different types of sensing found in nature and how can they be used in a security context?
Chemical
Infra red
vibration
pressure
fluid flow
strain
magnetic
electric field
touch
EM radiation
In terms of processing information why does biology have an advantage?
What new functionality has been derived from nature?
- Specificity and sensitivity of sensors (e.g. snake (IR), moth (chemical))
– Navigation without maps & GPS (optic flow in insects, migrating birds)
– Optimised integration of sensors and processing
– Sustainability, adaptive capability (physically and behaviourally)
– Low processing energy demands; distributed energy.
What Radically different way of designing and manufacturing components and systems have come from nature?
Exceptional packaging and integration
Self assembly and repair
Optimum low energy design (low temperature fabrication using readily available material, integration of functions, locomotion, tracking)
6 topics in the bio design concept map
robotics
bionics
bioinspiration
biomimetics
biomimicry
eco-design
5 areas of learning from nature
Bio mimicry
bio mimetics
bio derived materials
bio fabrication
bioinspired
define bio mimicry
Study of nature, its models, systems, processes and elements and then imitates or takes creative inspiration from them to solve human problems.
define bio mimetics
The underlying biological paradigms present keeping each species functioning in its own unique way.
define bio derived materials
matierals made from or originating from living organisms
define bio fabrication
A process using cells, viruses, proteins, biomaterials and bioactive compounds as building blocks to fabricate advanced biological models, medical therapeutics and non medical biological systems
define bio inspired
Ideas inspired by mechanisms or laws operating in
biological organisms. Or a conscious strategy by designers to observe and learn principles of design from nature.
components of a situational awareness sensing system (SASS)
structure
collection sampling
processing (communications)
surfaces / receptors
power
sensor element transduction
4 components of structure for SASS
Function
Scale
Morphology
Materials
5 components of surfaces with relation to SASS
surface area
surface modification
materials
connectivity
degradable/fouling
3 collection and sample types
air
water
solid
4 components of receptors in relation to SASS
antibodies
bio probes
synthetic ligands
molecular
3 components of processing and communications
internal
collective
external
6 componets of power
energy harvesting
fuel cells
photosynthesis/photoelectric
chemical
storage accumulators
power management
Chart of processing information
Digital signal processing
compressive sensing
biology
What are the 4 components of DSP
collect
compress
reconstruct
analyze/act
3 components to CS
sparsely sample
reconstruct
analyse/act
2 components to biology processing information
sparsely sample
analyse/act
fiddler crab vision example
• Biological systems compressively sample environment and do not reconstruct to make critical decisions (Compressive Sensing)
• This is achieved by having hard coded, neural circuitry that responds only to necessary information (Machine learning)
social zone lower level
predator zone upper level
human vision example of CS/ML
colour vision only in the centre, peripheral vision only in black and white
Nature - types of chemo sensing
olfaction
gustation (taste)
surface contact (touch)
