Learning Content. Core 3 - Parenting and Caring

Question 1

Adoption

Answer 1

The legal process where all legal rights and responsibilities are transferred from birth to adoptive parents

Question 2

Biological parents​?

Answer 2

One who contributes genetic material as a result of sexual intercourse or assisted reproductive technologies

Question 3

Fostering

Answer 3

An alternative living arrangement for children whose parents are temporarily unable to care for them in the family home

Question 4

Step-parent

Answer 4

A man or woman who marries or forms a defacto relationship with a partner who has a child or children from a previous relationship

Question 5

Surrogacy

Answer 5

An arrangement between a couple who cannot have a baby and a woman who gets pregnant on the couple’s behalf; the child is handed to the couple after delivery

Question 6

What are the different types of artificial reproductive technologies?

Answer 6

• GIFT - Gamete intra-fallopian transfer (involves removing a woman’s eggs, mixing them with sperm, and immediately placing them into a fallopian tube)
• IVF- In vitro fertilisation (extracting eggs, retrieving a sperm sample, and then manually combining an egg and sperm in a laboratory dish. The embryo(s) is then transferred to the uterus)
• AI- Artificial insemination (involves inserting prepared semen directly into the cervix, fallopian tubes, or uterus)

Question 7

Reasons a child may be placed in foster care

Answer 7

• they are considered to be at risk of harm
• their basic physical and emotional needs are not being met
• there may be a risk of abuse or exposure to domestic violence
• if a parent is unable to to provide care due to physical or mental health issues
• parent may be in prison

Question 8

What is a carer?

Answer 8

A person who, formally or informally, provides ongoing personal care to a dependant

Question 9

What is a primary carer?

Answer 9

Carers who provide the majority of informal assistance – they are usually related in some way to the dependent and feel emotionally obliged to care for the person

Question 10

What is the difference between a formal and informal carer?

Answer 10

Informal carer- Any person who is giving regular, ongoing assistance to another person without payment

• Examples: family member, friend or neighbour.

Formal carer- trained professionals who provide care through formal agencies or institutions and are paid for by the receiver.

• Examples: Nurse, aged care worker or childcare worker.

Question 11

Provide examples of specific preparations that may be made in becoming a parent.

Answer 11

• Changing health behaviours (taking a pregnancy multivitamin, quitting smoking, exercising more regularly, healthy balanced diet)
• Organising finances (making a budget, planning for the cost of having a baby, applying for family assistance payments, Family Tax Benefit, Child Care Rebate, Paid Parental Leave)
• Enhancing knowledge and skills (reading parenting books, attending pre and postnatal classes with a midwife, learning to cook nutritious meals, asking GP questions)
• Modifying the physical environment (moving house to a bigger place, setting up a nursery, change tables, play areas, covering powerpoints, latches on cupboards

Question 12

How can parents go about making rules?

Answer 12

• decide on a few important rules
• discuss the reasons for these rules with the child
• involve the child in discussing limitations, as well as fair and reasonable consequences when rules are broken
• praise the child when rules are followed
• consistently, assertively and calmly follow through with the consequences for breaking the rules
• rules and expectations need to be modified as the child grows and matures

Question 13

What are the legal rights of parents?

Answer 13

DEALM

• Discipline (through reasonable means)
• Education (decisions but must ensure access)
• Adoption (right to consent to)
• Legal Proceedings (right to take legal proceedings on child’s behalf)
• Medical decisions (attend to child’s medical treatment up to age of 14)

Question 14

Authoritarian parenting

Answer 14

• Strict rules and limits
• Harsh consequences
• No negotiation
• Dependant has little say in decision making

Question 15

Permissive / Indulgent parenting

Answer 15

• Very lenient/spoiled
• Few demands/limits placed on child
• Free to behave however they choose
• May feel that parents don’t care for them

Question 16

Democratic parenting

Answer 16

• Equality in decision making
• Negotiate limits/rules
• Expectations clear
• Consequences clear
• Positive and respectful

Question 17

Negligent parenting

Answer 17

• Needs are not satisfied (insufficient food, clothing, hygiene, love, supervision, education)
• Neglect
• Often removed from homes (by Govt agencies)

Question 18

What is ‘duty of care’?

Answer 18

A legal obligation to maintain the health and welfare of any dependent in your care.

Question 19

What factors would be considered in considering if a parent or carer negligent?

Answer 19

• duty of care (does a duty of care exist)
• standard of care (is the care below standard)
• breach of duty of care (has a breach of the duty of care occured)
• harm or loss (has harm or loss occured)