Learning and Memory Flashcards
What type of memory holds information for just a few seconds and is also known as “short-term memory”?
Working Memory
What type of memory involves recalling personal experiences and events?
Episodic Memory
What type of memory involves general knowledge and facts?
Semantic Memory
Who is credited with discovering classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
What is the learned response in classical conditioning called?
Conditioned Response
What type of reinforcement increases a behavior by removing an unpleasant stimulus?
Negative Reinforcement
In operant conditioning, what is the process of teaching complex behaviors by rewarding successive approximations?
Shaping
What is the process called when a conditioned response decreases after the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus?
Extinction
What is the initial stage of memory where sensory information is stored briefly?
Sensory Memory
What term describes the process of transferring information from working memory to long-term memory?
Encoding
What is the vivid, highly detailed memory of a significant event called?
Flashbulb Memory
Which brain structure is critical for forming new long-term memories?
Hippocampus
What rule explains how neurons strengthen their connections when they fire together?
Hebbian Learning
What type of amnesia involves the inability to form new memories after brain damage?
Anterograde Amnesia
What term refers to the strengthening of synaptic connections through repeated activity?
Long-Term Potentiation (LTP)
