Learning Aim B LAD Flashcards
Define the term ‘secondary health service’
Includes hospital services, mental health services and many of the community health services. Normally accessed via GP who makes an appointment referral
Describe the difference between secondary and tertiary care.
Secondary care includes mental health services and most hospital services however tertiary care are more specialised e.g. spinal injury unit. Secondary health care would refer you to tertiary care if they can’t help your needs
Define and give examples of primary Health care
Normally accessed directly by the service user when needed e.g. GP, dentist, optician and pharmacist
Define and give examples of secondary health care
Includes mostly hospital services normally accessed via GP referral. e.g. hospital physiotherapists, community nurse or physiology
Define and give examples of tertiary health care
Provides specialist and normally complex services e.g. specialist spinal injury unit
Briefly describe the main purpose of hospitals
Provide both inpatient and outpatient services. Outpatient is regular clinics or day surgery, inpatients is conditions that require 24 hour specialist support
Briefly describe the main purpose of a day care centre
Provided for specific client groups e.g. old people or people with a disability. Usually offer education facilities and/or support
Briefly describe the main purpose of a hospice care
Aim to improve quality of life for people with incurable diseases
Briefly describe the main purpose of a residential care
Long term care of adults and children needing 24 hour care, which cannot be adequately or appropriately achieved in their own home
Briefly describe the main purpose of domiciliary care
Care provided at a service users own home rather then in a specialist care setting. Their care may be short term or may be needed long term
Briefly describe the main purpose of the work place
Aim to keep a workplace for and health so that they are able to carry out the duties for which they are employed to do
Why does the voluntary sector exist?
There are sometimes ‘gaps’ in the care service in an area
• a betterment for the community
• part of government policy
•part of mixed economy care
•not everything can be provided by the state-reliable on the independent sector
• reflects local needs
The positives of the voluntary sector are…..
- not for profit basis, so not interested in making a profit
- mixed economy care.
- in some cases, don’t need to spend money on salaries as they are volunteers
- shows that they genuinely care as they might need help as they may help for no money in return
Negatives of the voluntary sector are….
- rely heavily on funding from elsewhere
- can not afford to pay some salaries as a private sector
- they may have to compete with many other charities for funds
- undue influences
What is the private sector made up of?
- private schools
- nursery and pre-school services
- hospitals
- domiciliary care
- residential
- mental health services
- any company/service set up outside governor control which aims to make a profit
- the private sector i retirees as a ‘market’ in which profit can be made by selling services to ‘shoppers’ of care
- they offer all their services on a pure commercial basis
Positives of the private sector
- they are accessible to everyone
- private providers can provide more choice
- free from the bureaucracy unlike state services
- demography more older people more resources needed to meet needs/ reduce strain on state sector
Negatives of the private sector
- creates inequality as not everyone has enough money
- creates a two tier system people who can’t afford and people who may be able to afford
- only interested in profit making
- only interested in services that make money so you might not be able to have your problem treated as they don’t see it as something that makes enough profit
What is self referral?
Self referral is when a person contacts a care provider personally, this can be by letter, email, phone call or making an appointment. Access to the primary healthcare services is normally through self referral.
What is third party referral?
Third party referral is when a friend, neighbour or relative contacts a healthcare service on another persons behalf. For example, a neighbour may ring the social services department on behalf of a frail elderly person to request care/support or if their concerned about the general health of the person.
What is professional referral?
Professional referral is when a healthcare professional contacts another service provider to request support for a service user. For example, a GP referring a service user to a hospital consultant.
What is a community care assessment?
A community care assessment is carried out when someone appears to be finding it difficult to look after themselves without additional help. It would typically be a social worker who carries out this assessment
To decide whether a person is eligible for care and support from the local authority they need to fit to the eligibility criteria which is…..
- A physical and/or mental impairment or illness plus
- An inability to achieve,2 daily activities or outcomes
For example:
Prepare or eat food
Move around their home easily
Keep their house clean and safe
What are some barriers to accessing health and social care services in the uk?
•Inconvenient location
If the service user has to rely on public transport, the cost of travelling may be a barrier as financial help for travel isn’t always available
• scarce resources
Long waiting hours in hospital appointments or treatment, lack of beds available in hospitals.
• language difficulties
If English isn’t the services users first language and there is no interpreter available, or if the service user has a hearing impairment and there is no signer available to support communication.
What do the Care Quality Commission do? (A regulatory bodies in England)
They monitor and inspect health services and adult social care services. It aims to ensure that health and social care setting are of a high quality and are delivered safely
What does the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) do? ( regulatory bodies in England)
They provide guidance on current and best practice in health and social care. The guidance aims to control and improve health and social care provision
What do the Public Health England do? (Regulatory bodies in England)
They aim to protect and improve public health and well-being in England, and reduce health care inequality, focus on the protection and improvement of the health care sector.
What do OFSTED do? (Regulatory bodies in England)
They regulate and inspect services that educate children, young people and adults or care for children
What do The Nursing & Midwifery Council (NMC) do? (Organisations that regulate professions)
They sets standards and formal codes of practice required from all nurses
What do the Royal Collage of Nursing (RNC) do? ( organisations that regulate professions)
They represent nurses in public, private and voluntary sectors. It aims to maintain high standards in nursing practice through education.
What do The General Medical Council (GMC) do? ( organisations that regulate professions)
They oversee UK medical education and training. They decide which doctors are qualified to work in this country.
What do the Health And Care Professions Council (HCPC) do? (Organisations that regulate professions)
They promote good practice and protect the public from poor standards of care.
How are regulations and inspections carried out?
The CQC require service providers to register with them before offering a care service. Checks are used once registered to ensure that it meets the necessary standards of safety, Resources are to a high standards of care. The service providers are continually monitored and the judgment is made of robust evidence on the quality of provision such as if they are safe
How do organisations and individuals respond to regulation and inspections ?
The inspection teams make judgements supported by robust evidence on the quality of provision, such as whether the card provision is safe, caring, effective in caring out its services, well managed and well led.
What is the 6 point scale for describing the quality of provision?
1 is outstanding 2 is very good 3 is good 4 is satisfactory 5 is inadequate 6 is unsatisfactory
How could you implement the organisations codes of practice?
- provide training and support
- sufficient number of staff
- workload for employees is bearable
- new staff must do an induction
- managers are responsible for staff knowing how to implement codes of practice and meet the NOS (national occupational standards) for your role
Meeting the national occupational standards ( NOS)
- they describe the best practice
- standards that the professional practice that should be in the work place
- 2012 was the most recent NOS
- provides a circular for training professionals
- cover standards for professional bodies e.g. nursing and midwifery council
CPD ( continuing professional development)
- maintain high standards
- practitioners must continually update their skills
- to make sure your following NOS
How to support and Safeguard employees
- internal and external complaints
- members of trade unions
- following protocols of regulatory bodies
- whistleblowing
Internal and external complaints
- required to have formal procedures in place
* if can be dealt with internally it is, however if not then it can go external
Membership of trade unions
- represent job roles
- practitioners will be members of these
- receive support and advice from them
- royal collage of nursing is an example
Following protocols of regulatory bodies
- accepted codes of practice and behaviour required of professionals by the regulatory bodies
- staff training will be mentioned in the codes
- management must make sure employees understand protocols
- GMC protocols- support staff, protect patients
Whistleblowing
- form of protection towards staff
- if quality of care is low, staff can whistleblow
- this would protect the staff as they weren’t part of the misconduct
