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health & social UNIT 1 > learning aim A > Flashcards

learning aim A Flashcards

1
Q

definition of growth?

A

an increase in a measured quantity e.g height & weight

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2
Q

definition of development?

A

complex changes or an increase in skills, abilities and capabilities

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3
Q

what are the life stages and their ages?

A

birth-infancy (0-2)
early childhood (3-8)
adolescence (9-18)
early adulthood (19-45)
adulthood (45-65)
later adulthood (65+)

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4
Q

what advice would you give if a baby was under/overweight?

A

regulate their diet to what it needs
more milk/formula
exercise - stimulate walking
vegetables/protein

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5
Q

what are centile lines (percentiles) ?

A

lines on a growth chart that show the expected range of weights and heights for children of a given age and gender

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6
Q

physical developments?

A

weight, height, puberty, period, body hair, body changes, shrink, wrinkles, eye sight weakens

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7
Q

intellectual developments?

A

maturation, during schools - reading/writing, learn from consequences, listen/focus better, manners

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8
Q

emotional developments?

A

matured, emotional regulation, handle grief, anger and stress differently

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9
Q

social developments?

A

priority is about finding a partner, making new friends who connect more with the person you’ve become, less attached to your parents

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10
Q

what age range is infancy?

A

0-2

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11
Q

what are fine motor skills?

A

involve smaller movements that require more precise direction (dexterity) and use smaller movements

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12
Q

what are gross motor skills?

A

large movements that involve using the large muscles of the body that are required for mobility

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13
Q

toys that use gross motor skills?

A

trampoline, scooter, teddies, rocking horse, climbing set, shaper sorter

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14
Q

toys that use fine motor skills?

A

dolls, cars, painting sets, playdough, fidget toys

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15
Q

what age range is early childhood?

A

3-8

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16
Q

what physical skills should a child in early childhood have?

A

reading, cycling, running, drawing, writing, walking, talking, holding, use of fine and gross motor skills

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17
Q

what age range is adolescence?

A

9-18

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18
Q

what physical changes happen during adolescence?

A

puberty, hair growth, height, weight, period, facial hair, hips grow larger, acne, deeper voice, boobs grow, mood swings and hormones, hair gets greasy quick

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19
Q

definition of adolescence?

A

an important status change following the onset of puberty during which a young person develops from a child into young adult

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20
Q

what are primary sexual characteristics?

A

changes and development of reproductive organs

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21
Q

what are secondary sexual characteristics?

A

outward signs of development from a child into man/woman

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22
Q

definition of puberty?

A

a period of rapid growth where young people reach sexual maturity, and become biologically able to reproduce and develop secondary sexual characteristics

23
Q

definition of hormones?

A

chemical substances produced in the body and transported in the blood stream that control or regulate body cells or organs

24
Q

female hormones - oestrogen / progesterone?

A

ovaries produce these hormones which are responsible for ovulation and menstruation, the first period signals the onset of fertility

25
Q

male hormones - testosterone?

A

testes produced testosterone which stimulates sperm production, testosterone is responsible for deeper pitch and tone of voice

26
Q

what age range is early adulthood?

A

19-45

27
Q

what physical changes occur during early adulthood?

A

grow to full height, menopause, grey hair, weight gain

28
Q

when does physical strength peak?

A

19-28 is the peak of physical performance. Full height and strength reached reaction time at its peak. Manual dexterity (flexibility) at its peak. After 28, strength and speed may dip but it’s usually not noticed. Physical capabilities are in decline at the end of the life stage and can be highly noticed.

29
Q

what happens in the 1st trimester during pregnancy?

A

-you gain 1-2kgs or maybe lose if you have morning sickness
-most of this weight is in the placenta, which feeds your baby
-fatigue

30
Q

what happens in the 2nd trimester during pregnancy?

A

-morning sickness usually lessens
-extreme tiredness and breast tenderness usually ease up
-fetus has now developed all its organs and systems and will now begin to grow in height

31
Q

what happens in the 3rd trimester during pregnancy?

A

-swelling of ankles, hands and face may happen as you continue to retain fluids
-difficulty breathing and sleeping

32
Q

what is perimenopause?

A

women start to make less oestrogen. ovaries stop producing an egg each month known as the perimenopause transition. Perimenopause lasts until the menopause starts and ends when a woman has not had a monthly period for 12 months.

33
Q

what age range is middle adulthood?

A

46-65

34
Q

what is menopause?

A

the ending of female fertility, including the cessation of menstruation and reduction in production of female hormones

35
Q

what age range is later adulthood?

A

65+

36
Q

key life events that could happen in later adulthood?

A

divorce, retirement, grandchildren, care home, pension, dementia, cancer, vision deteriates, aches and pains

37
Q

what is life expectancy?

A

an estimate of the number of years, on average, that a person may live for. sometimes called longevity

38
Q

what is cognitive impairment?

A

when a person has trouble remembering, learning new skills, concentrating or making decisions that affect everyday life

39
Q

what are the 5 most important aspects associated with intellectual development?

A

language development, problem solving, memory, abstract thoughts and creative thinking, moral development

40
Q

what is language development?

A

important for organising thoughts so that ideas are able to be expressed

41
Q

what is problem solving?

A

an important skill that is required to work things out and make predictions of what might happen

42
Q

what is memory?

A

required for storing, recalling and retrieving information

43
Q

what are abstract thoughts and creative thinking?

A

essential for discussing situations that cannot be observed

44
Q

what is moral development?

A

allows for reasoning and making choices, and informs the individual how to act in particular situations and towards themselves and others

45
Q

what is abstract logical thinking?

A

the capacity to think conceptually, grasp complex ideas and identify patterns and relationships

46
Q

what is egocentric thinking?

A

difficulty differentiating between self and other. difficulty in understanding perspectives other than one’s own

47
Q

what is concrete logical thinking?

A

focuses on the physical world. Literal thinkers focused on current facts, literal definition and physical objects

48
Q

what is piagets model?

A

piaget came to the conclusion that children think differently to adults. he suggested a 4 year old cannot use abstract logical thinking because they are not mature enough. He believed there were 4 stages of intellectual development

49
Q

what are the four stages of piagets model?

A

sensori motor stage (0-2)
pre operational stage (2-7)
concrete operational stage (7-11)
formal operational stage (11-18)

50
Q

what occurs in the sensori motor stage (0-2) ?

A
  1. body schemas: children learn to differentiate the world around them from themselves
  2. motor coordination: being able to control limbs and make purposeful movement
  3. object permanence: children understand that an object does exist when they can’t see it
51
Q

what occurs in the pre operational stage (2-7) ?

A
  1. egocentric: can’t see a situation from another persons perspective
  2. animism: believe that inanimate objects have thoughts/ feelings
  3. struggle with reversibility: the inability to reverse the direction of a sequence of events to their starting point.
52
Q

what occurs in the pre operational stage (2-7) ?

A
  1. egocentric: can’t see a situation from another persons perspective
  2. animism: believe that inanimate objects have thoughts/ feelings
  3. struggle with reversibility: the inability to reverse the direction of a sequence of events to their starting point.
53
Q

what occurs in the concrete operational stage (7–11) ?

A
  1. overcomes egocenticism (de centre)
  2. drops animism
  3. gains reversibility
  4. can conserve mass, height and weight
54
Q

what occurs in formal operational stage (11-18) ?

A
  1. develop the ability to think without physical prompts or objects - hypothetical thinking
  2. problem solving

health & social UNIT 1 (1 decks)

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